Energy Harvesting Alternatives for Powering Critical WSN Based and Autonomous Monitoring Systems

Wireless Sensor Network WSN applications in the industry, domestic and commercial sectors are becoming quite interesting and exciting. For instance, since January 2005, major International Oil and Gas companies IOCs operating in Nigeria Niger Delta region have made wireless sensor network the defacto monitoring system for their vast oil and gas pipelines, oil wells and other facilities. This is because wireless technology has vast advantages over their wired counterpart. Despite the interest generated by the varied advantage of wireless sensor nodes in the oil and gas industry and other sectors, the biggest challenge lie in the limited battery energy of these tiny wireless sensor nodes. Battery energy of the wireless sensors are so limited that it will take maximum of one year to deplete and that will require massive replacements of the batteries so that the network will still be functional. This is almost impossible or very costly for a field of thousands or millions of wireless sensor nodes. This paper will examine the possibility of harvesting ambient or environmental energy sources such as RF, solar, piezoelectric, thermal etc to store and power these wireless sensor nodes so that the need for massive battery replacements will be avoided and costs saved. 

by Fidelis C. Obodoeze | Ndidi Fidelia Ugwoke | Edith Angela Ugwu "Energy Harvesting Alternatives for Powering Critical WSN-Based and Autonomous Monitoring Systems"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6, October 2019,

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29131.pdf

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/29131/energy-harvesting-alternatives-for-powering-critical-wsn-based-and-autonomous-monitoring-systems/fidelis-c-obodoeze

call for paper Computer Engineering, international journal Mechanical Engineering, ugc approved journals for engineering

Political Situations under King Mindon 1853 - 1878

This paper is an attempt to reveal the political situation of Myanmar during the reign of King Mindon. He ascended the throne only after the kingdom faced with two aggressive wars launched by the British imperialists. Because of those wars, the kingdom suffered deteriorations in terms of political, economic and social aspects. As a result of those wars, some parts of Myanmar territory also fell in the hands of the British imperialists. In this context, King Mindon had to endeavour to achieve the political stability and economic development in his kingdom. At first, he conducted administrative reforms with the aim of restoring internal stability and followed flexible policies in external relations with the aim of avoiding conflicts with the British in the future as well. He sent envoys to foreign countries with the aim of widening the horizons of his court officials. He also sent Myanmar youths to foreign countries to study modern sciences and technologies in order to establish factories which were installed with modern machines. Thus he tried to transform his kingdom into an industrialized nation. While standing side by side the British occupied Lower Myanmar, he did not fail to utilize the diplomatic means in dealing with other countries in order to gain international recognition to his kingdom as a sovereign nation. Because of his far sighted outlooks and wisdom, King Mindon could transform his kingdom into a semi modernized nation to some extent. Though he could not endeavour to regain the already lost territories, King Mindon was able to maintain the sovereignty of the rest part of the kingdom steadfastly. This paper tries to expose the political situations of Late Konbaung period during the reign of King Mindon. 

by Dr. War War Tun "Political Situations under King Mindon (1853 - 1878)"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6, October 2019,

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28061.pdf

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/28061/political-situations-under-king-mindon-1853---1878/dr-war-war-tun

call for paper Agricultural Engineering, international journal Chemical Engineering, ugc approved journals for engineering

Analysis and Comparison of Different Spectrum Sensing Technique for WLAN

This Paper explores basic two systems of spectrum sensing Cooperative System and Non Cooperative System. Non Cooperative System includes Energy detector, Match Filter and cyclostationary with a performance analysis of transmitter based detection. It also includes analysis of Match Filter and Cyclostationary under low and high SNR, validating the result and applied the technique for Wireless local Area Network WLAN . To identify the no. of detected signal, chi square equation has been solved and finds the threshold. It has been observed during analysis that energy rises at high SNR under AWGN and under high SNR no. of detected signal decreases gradually when the no. of sample increases. When no. of sample increases then the no. of detected signal increases. The results of the detection techniques are reliable in comparison. Energy detection provides good result under high SNR values. All of the simulation work is done in MATLAB software and finalized the best detection technique for spectrum sensing. 

by Abrar Ahmed | Rashmi Raj "Analysis and Comparison of Different Spectrum Sensing Technique for WLAN"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6, October 2019,

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29174.pdf

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/29174/analysis-and-comparison-of-different-spectrum-sensing-technique-for-wlan/abrar-ahmed

call for paper Biomedical Engineering, international journal Nanotechnology, ugc approved journals for engineering

A Review Paper on Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete

Generally, adding of steel fibres in concrete improves the significance of the concrete mix and it also reduces the workability of the concrete. Steel fibre reinforced concrete SFRC is a Composite material which is made up of hydraulic cements. It contains coarse and fine aggregate. Since, cement having well compressive and steel having tensile strength it is capable of resisting wind and earthquake forces. Although reinforcing brittle materials with fibres is not a new concept, it was started in the early 1960s. Steel fibres added to concrete, steel fibre reinforced concrete SFRC is formed which enhances flexural strength, tensile strength and impact resistance. As it also improves structural integrity and protects from crack deformation which impacts to extent life of the Structures. The use of Steel fibre reinforced concrete SFRC requires accurate configuration differ from normal concrete and workability of the concrete would be affected as the quantity of fibres increasing. Still SFRC Structures are limited and a steel fibre is not considered to be economical and less stable as they often used in tunnel and underground structural Steel fibres mostly developed to many micro cracks to few macro cracks. 

by K. Sree Sandhya | Dr. Rajamurugadoss | Dr. G. Ganesh Prabhu "A Review Paper on Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6, October 2019,

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29155.pdf

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/transport-engineering/29155/a-review-paper-on-steel-fibre-reinforced-concrete/k-sree-sandhya

call for paper Information Technology, international journal Communication Engineering, ugc approved journals for engineering

An Investigation into the Robustness of the Assessment of Learners with Special Needs Case of Leseli Community School

Education for learners with special needs remains a challenge for developing countries like Lesotho where development of infrastructure and appropriate training for personnel is still at its infancy. With the number of learners with special needs on the rise, lack of basic necessities has compelled such learners to be absorbed in the main stream education system, leaving educators frustrated. Although having all inclusive education as professed by the government may be an ideal situation for learners with special needs, what remains a barrier is the mode of assessment for such learners. The study sought to establish the depth and breadth of the assessment of learners with special needs in Lesotho. The study was conducted using the qualitative methodology. The in depth interviews were conducted in order to get a thorough and informed insight that reveals how learners with special needs are evaluated. Documents such as Education Act 2010, The National Constitution and Children's Protection and Welfare Act 2011 were analysed to assess whether they respond to the needs of such learners. The informant selection techniques employed were convenience and purposive sampling. respondents were selected based on their availability and willingness to respond. The findings were analysed using thematic method of analysis. The study revealed that the government has not done enough to ensure inclusive education. This is evidenced by lack of clear policies for learners with special needs, as well as facilities and trained personnel for such learners. 

by Tsepiso Mncina | Tawanda Mukurunge, | Takura Bhila "An Investigation into the Robustness of the Assessment of Learners with Special Needs: Case of Leseli Community School"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6, October 2019,

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29183.pdf

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/agricultural-engineering/29183/an-investigation-into-the-robustness-of-the-assessment-of-learners-with-special-needs-case-of-leseli-community-school/tsepiso-mncina

call for paper Water Resource Engineering, international journal Forestry Engineering, ugc approved journals for engineering

Design an electric vehicle using PV array with five phase permanent magnet synchronous motor.

The purpose of this project is to design an Electrical vehicle with help renewable energy source which can carry the lab equipment, books and other goods from one building to other building of AL FALAH UNIVERSITY also student as well as professors can go easily from one building to other building of AL FALAH UNIVERSITY. This paper gives a review of the electric vehicle technology that focuses on the types of drives and the control of speed of five phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. This paper highlights the characteristics, performance measure, requirements and the operational procedure of the electric vehicle drives and control. 

by Dhirender Kumar | Ameen Uddin Ahmad "Design an electric vehicle using PV array with five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor."

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6, October 2019,

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29173.pdf

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/29173/design-an-electric-vehicle-using-pv-array-with-five-phase-permanent-magnet-synchronous-motor/dhirender-kumar

call for paper Transport engineering, international journal Software Engineering, ugc approved journals for engineering

A Review on Contract Management on Sewage Treatment Plant STP

A study on domestic waste water characterization has been performed followed by the design of sewage treatment plant. The present study involves the analysis of pH value, total solids, total suspended solids, hardness, acidity, alkalinity, chloride, chlorine, BOD, DO and heavy metals such as Iron, Copper, Zinc, Magnesium, Nickel, Chromium, Lead, Calcium, Aluminium, Silicon, Potassium. A sewage treatment plant is quite necessary to receive the domestic and commercial waste and removes the materials which pose harm for general public. Its objective is to produce an environmentally safe fluid waste stream or treated effluent and a solid waste or treated sludge suitable for disposal or reuse usually as farm fertilizer. The samplings of the domestic waste from hostels have been done in different times of the day to have an average data of the measured parameters. The average values of pH, Turbidity, Acidity, Chloride, Residual Chlorine, Hardness, Total Solid, BOD, DO, Alkalinity, Total Iron Content, Zinc Content, Potassium, Copper, Magnesium, Nickel, Chromium, Lead, Calcium, Aluminum and Silicon are found out. The study examined the use of contract management practices on performance of the Sewage Treatment Plant construction projects, implemented under different contract modes. 

The objectives of this presentation are to examine the role of monitoring intensity in enhancing performance of the Sewage Treatment Plant construction projects under contract modes Item Rate, BOT, EPC, HAM, TOT etc. to analyze the relationship between risk management and performance of the Sewage Treatment Plant construction projects and to assess the role of evaluation in enhancing performance at different parts of the country.Good contract management and administration has the capacity to increase revenue opportunities, decrease costs and enhance service delivery. Importantly, as competencies of managers and resources at their disposal increases, it is essential that they strengthen their efforts to make compliance central to strategic objectives.Many findings including and indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between monitoring intensity, risk management, evaluation and performance of STP construction projects. The performance of the STP construction projects in India was more related to the availability and use of resources which include funding, human resources and the basic raw materials used in the construction process which results into delays, cost overruns and poor quality service. Based on these study findings it is therefore recommended that India should commit more resources to evaluation and risk management to realize higher level of service delivery in Sewerage construction STP. My above presentation covers briefly number of risks encountered from different contract modes of Sewer projects. 

by Dharam Vir Singh | Sumesh Jain "A Review on Contract Management on Sewage Treatment Plant (STP)"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6, October 2019,

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29251.pdf

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/29251/a-review-on-contract-management-on-sewage-treatment-plant-stp/dharam-vir-singh

call for paper Biomedical Engineering, Biomechanical & Biomedical Engineering, ugc approved journals for engineering