Role of Ethics in Artificial Intelligence

This paper provides detailed understanding about the role of ethics in artificial intelligence. The author will be dealing with the given title by dividing it into two branches: roboethics and machine ethics along with their moral values and role in technology. In the roboethics section, the author clearly explains about the characteristics and behaviour of a robot and the problems caused by it and how it poses as a threat to human beings. In the second part, the author differentiates between roboethics and machine ethics. 

Machine ethics only refers to computed machine which are designed by humans and their moral behaviour. Moreover, the author has discussed in detail about societal moral values of artificial intelligence and how it tends to threaten human and future technology in terms of philosophy and law. Only moral values and the ethics behind the technology governing the artificial intelligence exists in the present and there is no law to formally punish crimes that deals with AI. 

To revolutionise the current scenario, the author widely takes the topic into several dimensions regarding governance and other ethical aspects of artificial intelligence. One way to overcome the difficulty in governing artificial intelligence, as suggested by the author, is to obtain patents for the inventions and eventually this would fall under the category of intellectual property rights. Many countries like the UK, USA and Japan have proposed to include artificial intelligence under intellectual property and this process is in progression.

Few other countries are at the developing stages for devising laws that concern artificial intelligence, because this branch of engineering is an emerging one. By moving on to the second part of this paper, the author describes AI' influence on human race. The super intelligent machines created by a human may put an end to another human' life. Next comes the issue of employment disability which will be illustrated elaborately. This paper concludes by reviewing both positive and negative aspects concerning AI: how it aids in improving technology and bringing a developed society and how it steals jobs that employed humans and the danger it causes 

By Rishikesh R"Role of Ethics in Artificial Intelligence" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17135.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/17135/role-of-ethics-in-artificial-intelligence/rishikesh-r

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Assessment of Bioactive Activity of Blackberry Seed Extract

The aim of this study was to determine the bioactive activity of the blackberry (Rubus laciniatus) seed extracts. Total phenolic and total antioxidant activity of blackberry seed extracts were assessed with respect to two extracting solvents (absolute ethanol and absolute acetone) and two extracting techniques (hot extraction at 40°C and cold extraction at 26°C). Proximate analysis showed that blackberry seeds contained 12.12% moisture, 8.00% protein, 0.74% fat, 2.15% ash and 76.99% total carbohydrate. 

The antioxidant activities of blackberry seeds were determined by evaluating total phenolic activity by gallic acid equivalent (GAE), total antioxidant capacity by ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) content and ferric reducing powder assay. The tested sample showed variable amount of total phenolic content (33.21-56.56 mg GAEg of dry extract), total antioxidant capacity (75.46-82.42 AAEg) and reducing power (0.23-0.26) depending on different extraction techniques and solvents used. Higher amount of extract, total antioxidant capacity and reducing power were obtained for hot extraction technique.

As compared to cold extraction technique, higher extract yields (7.48% vs 7.19% for ethanol and 4.35% vs 4.28% for acetone) and other properties were obtained by hot extraction for a given solvent. Ethanol extract with hot extraction technique gave total phenolic content as 56.56 mg GAEg of dry extract, total antioxidant capacity as 82.42 AAEg and reducing power as 0.26 at extract concentration of 250 µgml. The overall observations of the present experiment indicated that hot ethanol extract of blackberry seeds have strong antioxidant property and bioactive activity. 

By Sajeda Begum | Pabitra Chandra Das | Md. Nur Hossain | Abdullah Iqbal"Assessment of Bioactive Activity of Blackberry Seed Extract" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd15947.pdf

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/food-engineering/15947/assessment-of-bioactive-activity-of-blackberry-seed-extract/sajeda-begum

research papers, paper publication for engineering, conference issue publication

Study on the Properties of Self Cleaning Concrete Using Titanium Dioxide

Concrete is the most widely used construction materials for building technology. However, cement production releases high amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere that leads to increasing the global warming. The concrete materials also have been developed to be functioned as self-cleaning construction materials. The self-cleaning properties of the concrete are induced by introducing the photo catalytic materials such as titania (TiO2) and zinc oxide (Zn O).

Self-cleaning concrete that contains those photo catalysts will be energized by ultraviolet (UV) radiation and accelerates the decomposition of organic particulates. Thus, the cleanliness of the building surfaces can be maintained and the air surrounding air pollution can be reduced. In this paper a brief study has been carried out on the properties of self cleaning concrete using Titanium dioxide. The decolourization and oxidation effect are studied using Rhoda mine dye and nitrogen dioxide respectively. 

By Dr. S. U. Kannan | Jebin Raj | Jerom Antony | Manoj | Mujahid"Study on the Properties of Self Cleaning Concrete Using Titanium Dioxide" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17016.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/17016/study-on-the-properties-of-self-cleaning-concrete-using-titanium-dioxide/dr-s-u-kannan

research papers, paper publication for engineering, conference issue publication

Change in Subgrade Soil Strength on Introduction of Waste Rubber

Tyre recycling, or rubber recycling, is the process of recycling waste tyres that are no longer suitable for use on vehicles due to wear or irreparable damage. These tyres are a problematic source of waste, due to the large volume produced, the durability of the tyres, and the components in the tyre that are ecologically problematic. Because they are highly durable and non-biodegradable, they can consume valued space in landfills the objective of present work is to review the engineering properties of soil. 

 

The study pertains to find out the optimum moisture content and maximum dry density with different proportion of cut rubber tyre. The study included, to determine the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value with different percentage of cut rubber tyre. Rubber Tyres was cut into 10mm to 20mm (Width) and 25mm to 45mm (Length). Added amount of rubber tyre had been varied in proportions of 5%, 7 %, 9% and 11 % so that the current study will help out in ascertaining the proper improvement of soil using rubber tyre. 

 

By Zakir Hafiz | Mr. Mohd Shoeb Alam"Change in Subgrade Soil Strength on Introduction of Waste Rubber" 

 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17020.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/17020/change-in-subgrade-soil-strength-on-introduction-of-waste-rubber/zakir-hafiz

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To Determine the Mechanical Properties of Concrete by Using Glass Fibre and Polypropylene Fibre

Concrete is the most widely used construction material has several desirable properties like high compressive strength, stiffness and durability under usual environmental factors. At the same time concrete is brittle and weak in tension. Plain concrete has two deficiencies, low tensile strength and a low strain at fracture. These shortcomings are generally overcome by reinforcing concrete. Normally reinforcement consists of continuous deformed steel bars or pre-stressing tendons. 

The advantage of reinforcing and pre-stressing technology utilizing steel reinforcement as high tensile steel wires have helped in overcoming the incapacity of concrete in tension but the ductility magnitude of compressive strength. Fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) is a concrete made primarily of hydraulic cements, aggregates and discrete reinforcing fibres. FRC is a relatively new material. This is a composite material consisting of a matrix containing a random distribution or dispersion of small fibres, either natural or artificial, having a high tensile strength. 

Due to the presence of these uniformly dispersed fibres, the cracking strength of concrete is increased and the fibres acting as crack arresters. Plain concrete possess very low tensile strength, limited ductility and little resistance to cracking .Internal micro cracks are inherently present in concrete and its poor tensile strength is due to propagation of such micro cracks.

Fibres when added in certain percentage in the concrete improve the strain properties well as crack resistance, ductility, as flexure strength and toughness. Mainly the studies and research in fibre reinforced concrete has been devoted to steel fibres. In recent times, glass fibres have also become available, which are free from corrosion problem associated with steel fibres.

The present paper outlines the experimental investigation conducts on the use of glass fibres with structural concrete. CEM-FILL anti crack, high dispersion, alkali resistance glass fibre of diameter 14 micron, having an aspect ratio 857 was employed in percentages , varying from 0.33 to1 percentage by weight in concrete and the properties of this FRC (fibre reinforced concrete) like compressive strength, flexure strength, toughness, modulus of elasticity were studied. 

Sheikh Gowhar Nazir | Mr. Misbah Danishn "To Determine the Mechanical Properties of Concrete by Using Glass Fibre and Polypropylene Fibre" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17019.pdf

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/17019/to-determine-the-mechanical-properties-of-concrete-by-using-glass-fibre-and-polypropylene-fibre/sheikh-gowhar-nazir

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Quality Management of NH 31 from Etah to Kasganj in U.P.

Quality systems entail having the organizational structure, responsibilities, procedures, processes and resources for implementing quality management such that there is a guiding framework to ensure that every time a process is performed the same information, method, skills and controls are used and practiced in a consistent manner. Construction firms have been continually struggling with its implementation. 

Historically construction has been an industry reluctant to implement change. Consequently, it has remained behind where it should be on the implementation of TQM. When a state highway physical works contract is issued for tender, it will be assessed to determine the quality assurance level. Transit will select the level for the contract using a formula designed to determine the relative complexity of the contract. NH-31 Extension is the newly declared National Highway of this region which starts form Etah to Kasganj. Its length is 97.48 Km.

It is an important link road between Mainpuri and Bareilly. International tourist forms different countries commute through this road. It is very important road form cultural, commercial and strategic point of view; so, it has to be kept in good motor able condition. This report is based on a study conducted on NH-31 to identify those factors that hinder the implementation of TQM principles in the actual field operations of a construction jobsite. These inhibitive factors were identified through a literature review and a survey ofNH-31 road. 

By Pushpendra Singh | Mr. Mohd. Suhail Khan "Quality Management of NH 31 from Etah to Kasganj in U.P." 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17045.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/17045/quality-management-of-nh-31-from-etah-to-kasganj-in-up/pushpendra-singh

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Hand Rehabilitation Glove

In this paper, we present the mechanism which will be helpful for an individual to cope up with the Rehabilitation exercises. Mechanism proposed here will be useful for assisting human being in case of the Hand Rehabilitation. We propose to design a pair of soft wearable hand glove which comfortably fits on the human hand. One hand will be the Motion detection Glove which includes the Flex Sensors and the other is the assistive hand used for performing the Rehabilitation exercises. Basically our designed glove could be used for robotic orthosis.

By Raja Vikram Reddy | Aliasgar Barodawala "Hand Rehabilitation Glove" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17028.pdf

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/17028/hand-rehabilitation-glove/raja-vikram-reddy

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