Study on Buildup the Properties of R.C.C. Structures against Fire

Fire remains one of the serious potential risks to most buildings and structures. Since concrete is widely used in construction, research on fire resistance of concrete becomes more and more important. Many researchers all over the world have done some researches on this subject. The mechanical properties of all common building materials decrease with elevation of temperature. 

The behavior of a reinforced concrete structure in fire conditions is governed by the properties of the constituent materials, concrete, and steel, at high temperature. Both concrete and steel undergo considerable change in their strength, physical properties, and stiffness by the effects of heating, and some of these changes are not recoverable after subsequent cooling. The mechanical properties of steel deteriorate by heat during fires, and the yield strength of conventional steel at 600-°C is less than 1/3 of the specified yield strength at room temperature. Therefore, conventional steels normally require fire-resistant coating to be applied. The temperature increase in the steel member is governed by the principles of heat transfer. 

Consequently, it must be recognized that the temperature of the steel member(s) will not usually be the same as the fire temperature in a compartment or in the exterior flame plume. Protected steel will experience a much slower temperature rise during a fire exposure than unprotected steel. Also, fire effect on steel member is influenced with its distance from the center of the fire, and if more ventilation occurs near the steel in a fuel-controlled condition, wherein the ventilation helps to cool the steel by dissipating heat to the surrounding environment. Even once a protracted amount, the interior temperature of concrete remains comparatively low; this allows it to retain structural capability and hearth shielding properties as a separating part. 

By Amul Singh"Study on Buildup the Properties of R.C.C. Structures against Fire"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11575.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/11575/study-on-buildup-the-properties-of-rcc-structures-against-fire/amul-singh

peer reviewed journal, manuscript submission, call for paper engineering

Pontem Monitoring using IoT

In recent years, many of the bridges are monitored using non-destructive testing methods. These methods are used for checking the structural damage, wreckage, strength of the bridges. To reduce the human losses, economic losses, protect the strength and structure of bridge we are introducing a smart bridge monitoring using sensors where it gives high and low values depending upon the problem occurred in the bridge. Now a day we are in hike of power supply, so we are using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) technology for regular monitoring of the bridge which consumes less power with accurate values. 

This project describes the real time working and getting real time values. Outcome of the project is to bring a product based module. 

By R. Dhivya Devi | S. Dinesh | S. Gowri Shankar | K. Ravi Teja"Pontem Monitoring using IoT"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11517.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/11517/pontem-monitoring-using-iot/r-dhivya-devi

paper publication for student, paper publication for engineering, conference issue publication

Comparative Evaluation of Mechanical Characterization Features of Dissimilar Weldments

An attempt has been prepared to join the two dissimilar materials AISI 310 and AISI 316 L by Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding process. AISI 316L and 90 S was used as filler metal. The microstructures of AISI 316 L and AISI 310 were evaluated after the TIG welding. And also various mechanical tests were conducted on Weldments to evaluate the mechanical properties .In this paper, the focus is purely on characterization and analysis of the dissimilar metal welded joint. The chemical composition of base metals as well as filler metals was found to play an important role on mechanical properties. Mechanical tests such as SEM/EDS, optical micro-structure, micro-hardness, tensile test and fractrography are performed. And then a comparison is made between the results 

BY Ankur Sethi | Rutash Mittal"Comparative Evaluation of Mechanical Characterization Features of Dissimilar Weldments"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11530.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/11530/comparative-evaluation-of-mechanical-characterization--features-of-dissimilar-weldments/ankur-sethi

research publication, ugc approved journals for engineering, special issue publication

Load frequency control issues in multiarea power system: A Review

The modern electric grid is one the most complex man-made control systems. Automatic generation control plays an important role in power system operation to maintain the frequency within an acceptable range and to properly respond to load changes under normal conditions. Many publications have been made in the area of Load frequency control (LFC) of interconnected power systems. Load frequency control is necessary to develop better control in order to achieve less effect on the frequency and tie line power deviations after a load perturbation. 

However, number of control strategies has been employed in the design of load frequency controllers in order to achieve a better dynamic response and the exact choice of the LFC controller in a particular case requires sufficient expertise because each controller has its own merits and demerits. Due to this, an appropriate review of load frequency control (LFC) mechanism is essential and a few attempts have been made in this concern. This paper presents a detailed survey on load frequency control (LFC) mechanism. 

In this paper detailed analysis of various control methodologies based on classical control, robust and self-tuning control and various soft computing control techniques are discussed. Finally, the investigations on incorporating fast acting energy storage devices such as Battery energy storage system (BESS), superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), Redox flow batteries (RFB) and Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices for mitigating the LFC problems in a deregulated power system are also addressed 

By Nazia Kosser"Load frequency control issues in multiarea power system: A Review"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11650.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/11650/load-frequency-control-issues-in-multiarea-power-system-a-review/nazia-kosser

research publication, ugc approved journals for engineering, special issue publication

A comprehensive review on D-FACTS devices

Flexible ac transmission systems (FACTSs) and voltage-source converters, with smart dynamic controllers, are emerging as a stabilization and power filtering equipment to improve the power quality. Also, distributed FACTSs play an important role in improving the power factor, energy utilization, enhancing the power quality, and ensuring efficient energy utilization and energy management in grids. This paper presents a literature survey of FACTS technology tools and applications for power quality and efficient utilization of electric system. 

There are some drawbacks of FACTS devices. These drawbacks can be fulfilled by using new compound, scalable, light weighted and cost effective devices that are distributed-FACTS (D-FACTS). D-FACTS controllers are distributed version of conventional lumped FACTS controllers and their cost is low due to lower ratings of component and reliability also increases due to redundancy of devices. 

The Enhanced Power Flow Controller (EPFC) is a D-FACTS controller which is distributed version of thyristor controlled series controller. DPFC controllers are used in series at small distance gap at every 5-10 km distance with transmission line to control the power flow. This paper discusses extensive review of the DPFC controller and its application in modern power system era. 

By Zeba Akram"A comprehensive review on D-FACTS devices"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11649.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/11649/a-comprehensive-review-on-d-facts-devices/zeba-akram

multidisciplinary journal, submit paper online, indexed journal

Trends in RERs and their impact on energy sector: A Review

Renewable technologies are considered as clean sources of energy and optimal use of these resources minimize environmental impacts, produce minimum secondary wastes and are sustainable based on current and future economic and social societal needs. The potential for renewable energy resources is enormous because they can, in principle, exponentially exceed the world?s energy demand; therefore, these types of resources will have a significant share in the future global energy portfolio, much of which is now concentrating on advancing their pool of renewable energy resources. 

Accordingly, this paper presents how renewable energy resources are currently being used, scientific developments to improve their use, their future prospects, and their deployment. Additionally, the paper represents the impact of power electronics and smart grid technologies that can enable the proportionate share of renewable energy resources. In this review cover the various configurations of the hybrid renewable energy systems for electric power generation only. 

by Karan Sapotra"Trends in RERs and their impact on energy sector: A Review"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11648.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/11648/trends-in-rers-and-their-impact-on-energy-sector-a-review/karan-sapotra

review papers, ugc approved journals for engineering, special issue publication

Different methods for controlling the power flow in RERs based power system

Randomness and intermittency are features that characterize renewable energy sources (RERs). Intermittency usually includes both predictable and unpredictable variations. The many drawbacks of intermittency of renewable sources can be overcome by considering some special design considerations. Integrating more than one renewable energy source and including backup sources and storage systems are among the few measures to overcome these drawbacks. 

These additional design considerations usually increase the overall cost of the renewable system. Furthermore, the presence of more than one energy supply/storage system requires the control of energy flow among the various sources. Therefore, optimizing the size of the components and adopting an energy management strategy (EMS) are essential to decreasing the cost of the system and limiting its negative effects. The energy management strategy is commonly integrated with optimization to ensure the continuity of load supply and to decrease the cost of energy production. Therefore, energy management is a term that collects all the systematic procedures to control and minimize the quantity and the cost of energy used to provide a certain application with its requirements. 

The energy management strategy usually depends on the type of energy system and its components. Various approaches and techniques have been used to develop a successful energy management strategy. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the approaches proposed and used by authors of many papers is conducted. These approaches include both the standalone hybrid renewable energy systems and the grid-connected hybrid renewable systems. More attention is focused on popularly used techniques to address the features of each system. The selected papers in this review cover the various configurations of the hybrid renewable energy systems for electric power generation only. 

By Jaffer Amin Wani"Different methods for controlling the power flow in RERs based power system"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11647.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/11647/different-methods-for-controlling-the-power-flow-in-rers-based-power-system/jaffer-amin-wani

research papers, paper publication for engineering, conference issue publication