Remedial Measures to Improve the Living Conditions of Slump Dwellers as a Step in the Journey towards a Smart City : An Overview

Cities are the response to social, political or technological transformations. They reflect our aspirations and respond to the challenges of the era. We are becoming a nation of '˜cities and towns'. In India the population ratio between the rural and urban is changing fast. Today 17% of our population is of slum dwellers. Agriculture has become more efficient as also its machinery, and needs far fewer people.

Unemployment and even underemployment have become a worrisome phenomenon in Indian villages The attraction of cities with its thousand lights has become irresistible. Can our cities absorb this exodus? In India the whole exodus has been accommodated in the existing structures. This has led to the creation of slums in India. Even basic needs such as accommodation, energy, water, and sanitation are in short supply.

Are these remediable?? Can we clean up our cities or build new ones? If we go in for building new cities, can we integrate such initiatives with the answers that new technologies provide??. Slums are an unhappy reality for our country and many others across the world. In India the total number of slum dwellers is about 65 million! Slums are a major urban drawback and a huge hurdle in the country's development at the same time people living there are a part of our working system!!

We need to think whether the broad term SMART CITIES is good enough for India or we could have smart cities, smart slums and smart rural sector because the financial hurdles will always keep them on different racks of the ladder. We believe that Smart cities should focus on developing smart techniques of social awareness for the slum dwellers so that they can consciously work for a better living rather than be happy in the dump.

S.S. Sisodia | Kamalkant"Remedial Measures to Improve the Living Conditions of Slump Dwellers as a Step in the Journey towards a Smart City : An Overview"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd3574.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/3574/remedial-measures-to-improve-the-living-conditions-of-slump-dwellers-as-a-step-in-the-journey-towards-a-smart-city---an-overview/ss-sisodia

UGC Approved Journal, Engineering Journal

Passive Damping Filter Design and Application for Three-Phase PV Grid-Connected Inverter

Second and third-order passive filters (LC and LCL) are interesting filters to use for grid-connected PWM inverters. Because of the stability problems of this filter around resonance frequency, series and damping resistor can be add to an LCL filter. However, the resistor value has impact on the filter respond, voltage and current harmonic distortion and system power loss. In this paper, the mathematic characteristics of LC, LCL filter, series and parallel damping LCL filters will be described with their design to apply in 3-phase PV grid-connected inverter.

And, simulations are used to validate the theoretical analysis of the filters on filter performance and power quality of the grid in 3-phase grid-connected inverter.

by P. Kamalakar"Passive Damping Filter Design and Application for Three-Phase PV Grid-Connected Inverter"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2495.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/2495/passive-damping-filter-design-and-application-for-three-phase-pv-grid-connected-inverter/pkamalakar

Open Access Journal, Engineering Journal

Bus Voltage Control with Zero Distortion for Single-Phase Solar Inverters

Single-phase voltage source inverters are commonly used for interfacing small distributed generation units to the grid. Instead of reducing the distortion by lowering the loop gain, the new controller employs a digital FIR filter that samples the bus voltage at an integer multiple of the second harmonic frequency. The operating principle and modulation scheme are described. A closed loop control method is developed to enhance twice the line frequency ripple power compensation performance.

The guide for the selection of the decoupling capacitance is also discussed. Simulations and experimental results are presented to show the effectiveness of the method. This paper shows that this can be done by using a voltage ripple estimator along with a larger bandwidth for the voltage control loop and additional measures.

The filter presents a notch that removes the second harmonic ripple, enabling a design that operates with zero distortion and high bandwidth simultaneously, and is suitable for inverters with small bus capacitors. The proposed controller is tested on a micro inverter prototype with a 300- Wphotovoltaic panel and a 20--µF bus capacitor.

By P. Kamalakar"Bus Voltage Control with Zero Distortion for Single-Phase Solar Inverters"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2505.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/2505/bus-voltage-control-with-zero-distortion-for-single-phase-solar-inverters/pkamalakar

UGC Approved Journal, Engineering Journal

Grid-Connected PV-Wind System with Implementation

Renewable energy sources are getting more and more widespread, mainly due to the fact that they generate energy by keeping the environment clean. Most of these systems have an isolation transformer included, which if excluded from the system would increase the efficiency and decrease the size of PV installations, furthermore it would lead to a lower cost for the whole investment. For safety reasons grid connected PV systems include galvanic isolation.

In case of transformerless inverters, the leakage ground current through the parasitic capacitance of the PV panels, can reach very high values. A common-mode model based on analytical approach is introduced, used to predict the common-mode behavior, at frequencies lower than 50kHz, of the selected topologies and to explain the influence of system imbalance on the leakage current.

It will be demonstrated that the neutral inductance has a crucial influence on the leakage current. Finally simulation results will be shown for the NPC multilevel inverter topology, emphasizing the low leakage current for the case of a grid connection without galvanic isolation.

By P. Kamalakar"Grid-Connected PV-Wind System with Implementation"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017,

Paper  URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2518.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/2518/grid-connected-pv-wind-system-with-implementation/pkamalakar

Open Access Journal, Engineering Journal

Audio Signal Denoising Algorithm by Adaptive Block Thresholding using STFT

In this work performance comparison of Time-frequency algorithms is presented for removal of Additive White Gaussian Noise. For better time-frequency resolution properties & better adaptability of STFT, it is used in this work. Most of the audio sound signals are too large to be processed entirely; for Mozart signal of 10 second sampled at 11 KHz will contain 11,000 samples. Processing such a large block of data demands rigorous requirements of hardware & software, also the execution time is very long, hence less speed.

Hence data is segmented into blocks & each block of data is then processed individually. The important task is to choose the block length. The signal is segmented into blocks, of optimal length & then, denoising is performed in STFT domain by thresholding the STFT coefficients. When each block is denoised by taking optimal window size or block size, it is further concluded that STFT based algorithm proposed here is superior in terms of quality of the denoised signal & the execution time.

It is observed that adaptive block hard type thresholding with STFT gives the best SNR for sound signal. It is further concluded that proposed algorithm performs better than other algorithms in respect of SNR & time of execution.

By Apoorva Athaley | Papiya Dutta"Audio Signal Denoising Algorithm by Adaptive Block Thresholding using STFT"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2512.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/2512/audio-signal-denoising-algorithm-by-adaptive-block-thresholding-using-stft/apoorva-athaley

International Journal, Engineering Journal

To Study the Effect of Stress Concentration Factor on Mild Steel Due to Heat Treatment

The present work is to study the effect of various types of heat treatment processes on stress concentration factor (Kt) of a plate with a circular hole subjected to a uniform loading. Finite Element Analysis using ABAQUS 6.13-1 has been done in order to calculate, Kt for rectangular plates with holes of different diameters. Stress-Strain diagrams are generated from standard tensile specimens (ASTM E8) with Universal Testing machine (HEICO), before and after various types of heat treatment process.
Young's Modulus, Poisson's Ratio and the Plastic strain verses Stress are calculated from the Stress- strain diagram and feed as an Input parameter for the FEA analysis.

The results shows that the value of Kt for quenching has a higher value in comparison to room temperature mild steel specimen and the value of Kt for normalizing and annealing show a lower value in comparison to room temperature mild steel specimen.

By Aman Roy | Ranik Das | Pratick Chand Samanta | K. Bhattacharyya"To Study the Effect of Stress Concentration Factor on Mild Steel Due to Heat Treatment"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2506.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/2506/to-study-the-effect-of-stress-concentration-factor-on-mild-steel-due-to-heat-treatment/aman-roy

Indexed Journal, Engineering Journal

Improved & Modified DEEC Protocol for Energy Efficient Clustering in WSN's

In this work, we propose M-DEEC (Modified Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering) protocol, a new variant of DEEC for WSN's. We propose this M-DEEC for three different segregation for the nodes to elongate the stability & lifetime of the network. Hence, it increases the heterogeneity & energy level of the network. Our proposed M-DEEC scheme is based on DEEC with the extension of new types of nodes named super nodes. We have extended the DEEC to three-level heterogeneity.

These super nodes have more energy than normal & advanced nodes & respective probabilities. Different simulation for the various values of a, b, m & mo has been carried out. For all the combination the proposed M-DEEC outperforms other protocol, as well as classical DEEC.

By Amee Vishwakarma | Papiya Dutta "Improved & Modified DEEC Protocol for Energy Efficient Clustering in WSN's "

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2480.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/2480/improved-and-modified-deec-protocol-for-energy-efficient-clustering-in-wsn's-/amee-vishwakarma

Call For Paper, Engineering Journal