Thursday, September 16, 2021

A Proactive Maintenance by Using Micro Surfacing for Pavement

The method of mix design for microsurfacing as described by ASTM and ISSA, clearly stated that the methods for mix design should be used only as a guide. Therefore, a more exact method is needed to provide successful mix designs, based on performance related tests included in the design method rather than relying heavily on the experience of the construction crew with these types of treatments. The two method ‘Laboratory method of mixing and curing microsurfacing mixtures TxDOT, 2004 ' and “A Laboratory Investigation on Bitumen Emulsion Mixes” Tipnis and Pandey, 2001 have been tried in the laboratory but there were some limitations to these methods as balling could not stop completely unless a very careful mixing of the mix is taken care off. Therefore, a different mixing methodology of mixing coarse and fine aggregates with emulsion is explored and is explained. where it is found that forming of a ball during the mixing of aggregates with emulsion appeared to have been solved, and no balling was formed.
by Abhay Singh | Dr. Shubha Agrawal "A Proactive Maintenance by Using Micro Surfacing for Pavement" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Analysis of a High Rise Structure Using E Tabs Software

Now a days, the architects often prohibit the widths of the columns so that more free space is available and for the good aesthetic look of the building without columns protruding out of the walls and corners. Advances in structural members and techniques to resist lateral forces are generally used now days to pretend more stable and safe structure. Solid structures with non rectangular uncommonly formed flimsy segments discovered as an option in contrast to the above said issue and it is discovered that non rectangular uniquely molded dainty segments performs well basically with all investigation results inside satisfactory cutoff points. In present work with the end goal to contrast fortified solid structure using traditional columns against structure designed with special shaped columns considering seismic loads on G 12 multi story building having plan measurement 63.20 m x 29.50 m is displayed and dissected in ETABS 2018 adaptation coordinated building outline programming. Proportionate static investigation and dynamic reaction range examination are performed on the structure. 
by Bhavya Upadhyay | Dr. Rajeev Singh Parihar | Abhay Kumar Jha "Analysis of a High Rise Structure Using E-Tabs Software" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Wednesday, September 15, 2021

Non Availability of Sulphur Due To High Thermo Climatic Variation in Oil Crop under Tarai Region of Uttar Pradesh

Sulphur S is an essential nutrient for the plant growth and its metabolic activities. Its occurrence depends upon the parent materials and rocks from which soil is derived. Sulphur is a structural constituent of many co enzymes and secondary plant products and acts as a functional group directly involved in metabolic reactions in plants. Further, it is an essential component for plant system which is present in soils in both organic and inorganic forms. Organic form particularly sulphate ester and carbon bonded sulphur contributes approximately 75 90 of the total sulphur. Widespread sulphur deficiencies in soils and crops have increased worldwide because of low input of S in the soil . This might became the cause of valuable yield reduction in many crops. Sulphur deficiencies in soils are generally attributed due to low in organic matter, coarse textured, well drained, and subject to leaching etc .Conversion of natural ecosystems into agricultural lands for intensive cultivation severely depletes soil organic carbon pools , which ultimately depletes the sulphur content of the soil in the Tarai region of UP. The importance of sulphur S nutrition in crops for their growth and development has been receiving increased attention in recent years. Sulphur plays an important role in the synthesis of S containing amino acids cystine, cysteine, and methionine , proteins, vitamins, chlorophyll, oils, etc. Although essential for plants, proper monitoring in the fertilization process was not initiated in the past which resulted in depletion of S reserves. Widespread deficiencies of S have been attributed to S mining by the use of high analysis or S free fertilizers and continuation of rice wheat or rice mustard cropping system. The temperature of soil is a significant parameter in agriculture since proper warmth at proper depths not only conditions efficient plant growing. It also determines the time for sowing, due to the importance of soil temperature for seed germination. Soil temperature regimes vary monthly, seasonally, and daily, and since the main source of earth heating is solar radiation, farmers have to manage the hottest peaks during the day, with ultimate sun activity. Studying soil temperatures, earth heat fluxes, and, in particular, correlations between wet and dry lands and their heat absorbing capacities helps agriculturalists to productively schedule field events. 
by Shivesh Singh | Shivam Singh | Shivangi Singh | Pramod Kumar Singh | Mahindra Pratap Singh "Non Availability of Sulphur Due To High Thermo-Climatic Variation in Oil Crop under Tarai Region of Uttar Pradesh" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



An Experimental Study of Soil Stabilization with Cement and Polymer

The aim of the study was to determine the value of Unconfined compressive strength and CBR values of Soil after stabilizing it with Cement and Polymer. Soil stabilization has been widely used as an alternative to substitute the lack of suitable material on site. The utilization of nontraditional compound stabilizers in soil improvement is developing every day. In this investigation a lab try was led to assess the impacts of waterborne polymer on unconfined pressure quality on sandy soil and CBR Test on clayey soil .The lab tests were performed including grain size of sandy soil, unit weight, and unconfined compressive quality test. The sand and different measures of polymer 2 , 3 , and 4 and concrete 20 , 30 , and 40 were blended in with every one of them into mixture utilizing hand blending in research center conditions. The examples were exposed to unconfined pressure tests to decide their quality following 7 days of restoring. The consequences of the tests showed that the waterborne polymer fundamentally improved the unconfined pressure quality of sandy soils which have weakness of liquefaction. Polymer altered the building properties of soil through physical holding. The amount of polymer required to modify the engineering properties was directly related to specific surface and soil particle coating thickness. Polymer amended soils displayed a reduced performance compared to cement amended soils. 
by Sankalp Jain | Prabhat Kumar Tiwari | Abhay Kumar Jha "An Experimental Study of Soil Stabilization with Cement and Polymer" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Tuesday, September 14, 2021

CFD Analysis to Analyze Thermal Characteristics of a Heat Exchanger Handling Combination of Dimple Ribs

It takes a lot of energy to have a good life. For living and working, humans nowadays rely on an abundant and constant source of power. Because energy is depleting at such a rapid rate, it has become important to use heat more efficiently, which necessitates that we preserve. As a result of the global energy crisis, many researchers have worked to improve the efficiency of thermal systems and reduce the size and thus energy consumption rates, which is one of the most critical problems due to the large and continuing increase in consumption, the increasing scarcity of energy resources, and the high cost. A 3 dimensional numerical 3 D simulation was used to evaluate the thermal properties of a heat exchanger managing a combination of dimple ribs. Handling air flow velocity through the channel was varied from 3.97 to 5.80 m s. is the subject of this study. The heat transfer physiognomies of a heat exchanger managing a combination of dimple ribs were studied using the simulation tool ANSYS 19.2. The numerical results showed that the combination of dimple ribs enhanced heat transfer significantly more than the dimple. In comparison, the average Nusselt number of a combination of dimple ribs is 4.28 percent higher than that of a channel with dimpled Plate. 
by Abhishek Singh | Prof. Rohit Soni "CFD Analysis to Analyze Thermal Characteristics of a Heat Exchanger Handling Combination of Dimple Ribs" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Monday, September 13, 2021

Analysis of High Rise Building Connection for Square Hollow Beam and Column Using Fem Software Abaqus

Most of the steel structures in India are made of conventional steel sections such as angle, channel and beam sections . However, new hollow steel sections such as square and rectangular hollow sections are gaining popularity in recent steel constructions due to a number of advantages such as its higher strength to weight ratio, better fire resistance properties, higher radius of gyration, lesser surface area, etc. This type of hollow sections can save cost up to 30 to 50 over the conventional steel sections Tata Steel brochure, 2012 17 . But unlike the conventional steel sections these hollow sections do not have standard connection details available in design code or in published literature. To overcome this problem the objective of the present study was identified to develop a suitable and economic connection detail between two square hollow sections which should be capable of transmitting forces smoothly and easy to be fabricated. To achieve the above objective, a square hollow beam to square hollow column connection was selected and modeled in commercial finite element software ABAQUS. This model was analyzed for nonlinear static pushover analysis considering a number of connection details. Following four alternative scheme of connection details were selected for this study i using end plate, ii using angle section, iii using channel sections, and iv using collar plates. The base model rectangular hollow beam welded to one face of the rectangular hollow column is also studied for reference. The performance of the selected connection details are compared and the best performing connection details is recommended for rectangular hollow beam to rectangular hollow column joints. The result shows that the load carrying capacity of the joint and the maximum deformation capacity is highly sensitive to the type of connection used. Also, the location of formation of plastic hinges in the structure which can beat joint or at beam depends highly on the type of connection used. 
by Udit Dubey | Kapil Mandloi | Renu Tiwari "Analysis of High Rise Building Connection for Square Hollow Beam and Column Using Fem Software Abaqus" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Evolution Properties of Paver Blocks Using Waste Foundry Sand in Concrete

Solid unreinforced pre cast cement concrete paver blocks is a versatile, aesthetically attractive, functional, cost effective and requires little or no maintenance if correctly manufactured and laid. Paver blocks can be used for different traffic categories i.e. Non traffic, Light traffic, Medium traffic, Heavy traffic and Very heavy traffic. In present study work paver blocks of M 40 grade of 80mm thickness for medium traffic with varying percentage of nylon fiber 0.1 , 0.2 , 0.3 , 0.4 , 0.5 is used to improve the compressive strength is casted. After finding optimum percentage of nylon fiber, it has now become very important to look as for the alternative source for natural materials used in concrete i.e. gravels and natural sand. Waste foundry sand WFS is a propitious material that can be used as an alternative for the naturals and i.e. fine aggregates in concrete. The thesis demonstrates the potential of re use for waste foundry sand i.e. industrial by product as a substitute of a fine aggregate in concrete. The fine aggregates i.e. natural sand are replaced with WFS in Three different substitution rates i.e. 2.5 , 5 , 10 , . Several tests were performed to examine the mechanical properties i.e. compressive strength, and flexural strength as well as the durability of concrete. 
by Rajat Singh Rajput | Prabhat Kumar Tiwari | Abhay Kumar Jha "Evolution Properties of Paver Blocks Using Waste Foundry Sand in Concrete" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Sunday, September 12, 2021

Cost Optimization of Construction Projects by Using Advance Methods and Advanced Materials

Construction industry could be considered as a very important sector for development all over the World and the construction cost is the most important element in it. The construction project can vary from extremely profitable to barely worth it and sometimes end up costing the contractor more than what he or she is getting paid to complete it. In construction industry the aim of project control is to ensure the projects finish on time, within budget and achieving other project activities. Time and cost are two main concerns which increase importance of cost reduction techniques. Reduction of cost of construction is a constant goal for construction industry. One way of reducing construction cost is to develop innovative technologies as well as methodologies to increase productivity. This study was carried out to identify the factors affecting construction cost. The factors were identified based on case studies and market surveys. In this paper, we have studied different techniques for optimization. To minimize the construction cost and duration at each phase is important. It is a need to meet the present day requirements and to complete the project within the estimated time, cost, and available resources. Mainly affecting the factor on cost of project is delay in project and material. Several methods have been developed and applied to analyze the time cost problems, but they can optimize only one parameter. Various low cost material also suggested for optimizing the cost of project along with maintaining the quality and strength of the project. Also various mathematical method and software based models studied for optimization. This study centers on assessing the cost of construction project and compare the construction cost with the optimized cost of the same building by using advance construction techniques and materials. Outcomes of cost study suggest that the construction cost of residential building project is reduced by 20 30 , 10 20 in infrastructural projects and 25 35 in industrial projects than the construction cost. 
by Prof. Yogita Fulse | Aniket R. Zolekar "Cost Optimization of Construction Projects by Using Advance Methods and Advanced Materials" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Saturday, September 11, 2021

An Experimental Study on Soil Stabilization by Using Bio Enzymes

Normal The conventional methods are time consuming and are not efficiently feasible. Hence there is a need to find the other possible ways to assure the performance as well as economical criteria. These enzymes have been confirmed to be very effective and economical. Another benefit of the bioenzyme is that these are environment friendly. The efficiency of bio enzyme depends upon the quantity of dosage, type of soil and curing period. In our country vast areas consist of black soils. As the conservative soil stabilizers like gravel, sand and others are depleting and becoming dear day by day at a very rapid pace, it becomes essential to look towards for alternative eco friendly stabilizers as their alternate. Recently a lot of Bio enzymes have emerged as cost effective stabilizers for soil stabilization. Some such type of bio enzyme, like Terazyme, bagasse ash, lime etc. has been used in the present work. Recently many Bio enzymes have emerged as value powerful stabilizers for soil stabilization. One such bio enzyme, Terrazyme, has been used within side the gift paintings to take a look at its impact at the Unconfined Compressive electricity of the Black Cotton soil. It has been located that Terrazyme dealt with Black Cotton soil suggests vast boom in Unconfined Compressive electricity with longer curing period. 
by Anushka Shrivastava | Dr. Anil Kumar Saxena "An Experimental Study on Soil Stabilization by Using Bio-Enzymes" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Wednesday, September 8, 2021

Bee Hive Status Control System

Nomadic beekeeping, one of the branches of honey production, requires the presence of hives in different places at different times of the year. Adapting to the difficult conditions of nomadic beekeeping forces the living conditions and standards. With the help of todays technology, it is necessary to continue this profession more easily and prevent the opposite situations in the nomadic beekeeping sector. This study can be followed up at certain intervals from distant distances. The information that will be received through the sensors in the Hive and from the environment will be sent to the central system through radio frequency waves and the information that will be analyzed will be transmitted to the user via SMS. The bee hive, which is far from the hive farm, will have information about the hive. This will make nomadic beekeeping more efficient. 
by Abdülkadir Çakir | Ekrem Mehmet Boz "Bee Hive Status Control System" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Comparative Analysis and Design of Voided Slab and RCC I Girder with Solid Slab in Bridge Structure

This thesis is basically based on the comparison of the use of voided slab, RCC Solid slab and RCC Girder. In this study analysis and cost comparison of RCC Solid slab deck, RCC Voided slab deck and RCC Girder is done for superstructure spanning 20 m length. Solid slabs having greater span are uneconomical due to heavy dead load of concrete. To make it economical longitudinal beams are provided for spans greater than 10.0 m. Reinforced Concrete Girder is generally adopted for a fly over or road bridge, but in case of a river bridge with submersible superstructure, the longitudinal beams creates obstruction to the flow of water and results in additional stresses in cross direction on beams. To reduce the self weight of concrete without sacrificing its flexural strength, in solid slab voids are incorporated in concrete section. This technic offers many advantages over a conventional solid concrete slab like reduced material use, lower total cost of construction, and increased structural efficiency. This report also shows that the dead load of bridge superstructure can be reduced by providing voids in concrete where it is unnecessarily provided. Presence of voids within the concrete structure makes analysis of structure very complicated. The analysis of RCC Solid slab, RCC Girder and RCC voided slab deck for various loads as specified in IRC is done using staad pro software for span length of 20 m and width of 15.10 m. The analysis illustrates the behavior of bending moments, Shear Force, displacements, reactions for various load conditions. It is concluded that use of voided slab is more feasible for 20 m length and 15.10 m width. It is also economical as compared to solid slab and Reinforced concrete Girder. 
by Kunal Songra | M. C. Paliwal "Comparative Analysis and Design of Voided Slab and RCC I Girder with Solid Slab in Bridge Structure" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Comparative Analysis of Box Culvert with Cushion and Without Cushion Usign Staad Pro

Bridges are essential for the efficient movement of trains and locomotives, as well as for crossing water courses such as streams across embankments as roads are not allowed to obstruct the natural flow of water. Culverts provide balance to the water flow on both sides of the road, as well as protecting and balancing the embankment in order to reduce flooding. Different types of bridges exist, such as arch, slab, and box. Masonry brick, stone, etc. or reinforced cement concrete can be used to build them. The bridges pass through the embankment and are therefore subject to the same traffic loads that the road carries, so they must be designed accordingly. Depending on where the bridge is located, the cushion will vary. Structures must be designed to take into account the loads empty, full, surcharge, etc. along with factors such as live loads, width, force of braking, load dispersion within the fill, impact factor, and earth pressure. Referrals are required for relevant IRCs. It is necessary to design structural elements that can withstand maximum bending moment and shear force. The culvert crosses over the earthen embankment, so it is subject to the same traffic load as the roads as a result, it has to be designed for such loads acting on the culvert surface. 
by Shweta Singh Baghel | Kapil Mandaloi "Comparative Analysis of Box Culvert with Cushion and Without Cushion Usign Staad-Pro" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Role of Advanced Machine Learning Techniques and Deep Learning Approach Based Decision Support System for Accurate Diagnosis of Severe Respiratory Diseases

Accurate Medical diagnosis is not always possible at every medical center, especially in the Developing Countries where poor healthcare services and lack of advanced diagnostic methods and equipments affects procedures of medical diagnosis .Also, physician intuition and experience are not always sufficient to achieve high quality medical procedures results. Therefore, diagnostic errors and undesirable results are reasons for a need for Machine Learning Techniques based decision support system, which in turns reduce diagnostic errors, increasing the patient safety and save lives. This research focuses on this aspect of Medical diagnosis by learning pattern through the collected dataset of respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and Covid 19, also consist implementation and test of intelligent medical decision support system to assist physicians and radiologists can deliver great assistance by improving their decision making ability. In this Research paper, the proposed System use Neural network Resnet 50 and transfer learning technique to classify these severe diseases and performs evaluation of precision, accuracy, speci city of Decision support system. 
by Patel Smitkumar Hareshbhai "Role of Advanced Machine Learning Techniques and Deep Learning Approach Based Decision Support System for Accurate Diagnosis of Severe Respiratory Diseases" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



A Review on Recent DGS Techniques on Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications

In this paper, showing review multiband microstrip patch antennas based on many different design techniques and operating principles along with its properties and configurations. Multiband antennas have become attractive due to their inherent feature of being a single solution to many requirements associated with different frequency bands. For the compact communication devices and systems, a multiband antenna with efficient transmission and reception performance is essential. In this review paper, various methods implemented by different researchers to achieve multiband operation in microstrip patch antenna with improved parameters for different standards of wireless communication are summarized. 
by Kirti Mishra | Abdul Samee Khan | Ashish Pouranik "A Review on Recent DGS Techniques on Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Sunday, September 5, 2021

Numerical Simulation on Micromixing of Non Newtonian Fluids in a Stirred Tank Reactor by Using Parallel Reactions

Micromixing of Non newtonian fluid in a stirred tank reactor with Rushton turbine is investigated numerically by using E model. It is characterized by the product selectivity of parallel competitive reactions. Model is implemented and is validated using experimental data in the literature. The simulations show that a higher agitation speed, and a feeding location closer to the discharge area of the impeller favor micromixing and the reaction rate. These results provide useful guidelines for the scale up of industrial reactors of non Newtonian fluid with parallel chemical reactions, and the comparison between the experimental and numerical results confirms the accuracy of the simulations. 
by Atibeni, R. | Kamal, M. | Abduelmaged, A. | Ebrahim, A. "Numerical Simulation on Micromixing of Non-Newtonian Fluids in a Stirred-Tank Reactor by Using Parallel Reactions" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Friday, September 3, 2021

Field Controlled Picker Robot

Today, technology is developing at the same rate in line with rapidly increasing human needs. The efforts made to meet these needs make life easier with each passing day and these studies are concentrated on robotic arm studies. The robotic arms work with an external user or by performing predetermined commands. In this study, education health and so on. A field controlled picker robot is designed and applied. Realized picker robot one robot arm and 3 wheels. The robot arm, DC motor, distance sensor, line tracking sensor, L298N motor driver, arduino uno, 3.7V 3A lithium battery are mounted under and above this vehicle chassis. Line sensors allow the robot to start its movement within a certain area without allowing it to move out of the area. When the distance sensors in the front part of the vehicle detects an object within a certain distance, it stops the movement of the motors and starts the robot arm movement which is formed with the help of 4 servos. The robot arm bends to the front at an angle of 150 degrees from the initial state and squeezes the garbage in front of it with the handle. It then turns 180 degrees behind and leaves the object in its chamber. With this picker robot to be realized with this study, garbage collection, cleaning and so on. works can be realized unmanned.
by Abdülkadir ÇAKIR "Field Controlled Picker Robot" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Revised Right Hand Grip Rule for an AC DC Current

Right hand grip rule is perfect for Direct current DC but what about alternative current AC Alternating current AC is an electric current that periodically reverses its direction, so does magnetic field direction changes periodically, in contrast to direct current DC which only flows in a single direction which cannot change sporadically, so does magnetic field direction does not affect. So, rule need to be corrected and separated for both AC and DC current. What do you think 
by Mr. Darnesh "Revised Right Hand Grip Rule for an AC/DC Current" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 



Thursday, September 2, 2021

Review of Design and Analysis of Piston

The piston is one of the vital components of IC engine which is subjected to pressure exerted by fuel combustion. Continuous subjection to thermal and structural loads causes failures in piston. The current research reviews various researches conducted to investigate the type and causes of damages developed in piston. The study on effect of piston material, coating material and tribological behavior on piston structural characteristics are presented by various scholars. The researchers have used both experimental and numerical techniques in investigation of piston failures. 
by Manu Singhasth | Mrs. Poonam Diwan "Review of Design and Analysis of Piston" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021,