Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

OTEC stands for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion. It use a temperature difference (20 -°C) between the upper layer of ocean surface and bottom layer of ocean surface is required to run the turbine to generate an electricity. Ocean covered 70% of earth's surface which is abundant form of solar collector and solar storage capacity. Ocean has an abundant form of renewable source of energy which has a potential to fulfill billions of watts of electricity.

Now a days, OTEC is required to generate electricity due to sky rocketing price of oil, natural gas and coal. The objective was how to minimize the cost of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Plant.

By Abhishek Kishore | Ameen Uddin Ahmad"Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2314.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/2314/ocean-thermal-energy-conversion/abhishek-kishore

Open Access Journal, Engineering Journal

Influence of Penstock Outlet Diameter and Flat Blade Lateral Twist Angle on the Performance of A Simplified Pico Hydropower System

A study to investigate the influence of penstock outlet and the flat blade lateral twist angle on the performance of an existing Pico-hydro system was undertaken. Five penstock reduced from76.2 mm to 15, 17.5, 20, 22.5 and 25 mm diameters at the outlet and a runner with adjustable flat blades were fabricated from mild steel sheet. For each of the penstock outlets, five blade twist angles of 50, 55, 60, 75 and 90-° were tested and the turbine and alternator speed measured with tachometer. The initial and final levels of water in the overhead tank as well as the periods of tests were also measured. The data collected was used to compute the flow rate and power for each set.

A maximum computed power of 5600 W was obtained with the 25 mm penstock outlet in conjunction with the blade twist angle of 75o. Also, the maximum speed 1180 rpm of the alternator shaft was obtained for a penstock outlet diameter of about 20.25 mm at the same twist angle of 75o. These results imply that for the system potentially could generate appreciable power using flat blades with the penstock outlets and blade twist angles in the ranges > 20 mm and = 600 respectively.

Considering the simplicity of the flat blade configuration, the results indicate good promise for providing relatively cheap, clean and convenient domestic power with further work on the system.

By Daniel T. Ipilakyaa | Alex O. Edeoja | Aondohemen Kulugh"Influence of Penstock Outlet Diameter and Flat Blade Lateral Twist Angle on the Performance of A Simplified Pico Hydropower System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2322.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/2322/influence-of-penstock-outlet-diameter-and-flat-blade-lateral-twist-angle-on-the-performance-of-a-simplified-pico-hydropower-system/daniel-t-ipilakyaa

Indexed Journal, Engineering Journal

Compressive Strength of Conventional Concrete Using E Waste

The Waste materials Utilization of construction industry by-products is a sustainable solution to ecological and environmental problems. Use of such waste materials makes their re utilization in cement-concrete, other construction materials, and also the cost of cement and concrete manufacturing is reduces. Other indirect benefits of e-waste include reduction in landfill cost, saving energy and reduction in solid waste.

E-waste consists of discarded refrigerators, TVs radios, Mobile phones, Air conditioners, computers and several other electronic gadgets that have reached end of life their or become a obsolete. . The major aim of the study is to examine the alter in mechanical properties of concrete with the addition of Electronic waste in concrete. It is found that the use of Electronic waste aggregates results in the formation of concrete.

 In this addition Coarse aggregate is replaced by E- waste from 0% to 15% Then in these mix 5%, 10% and 15%. It is that utilization of this Electronic waste in concrete will reduce the requirement for conventional coarse aggregates there by resulting in used by natural resources.

By Anil kumar Sharma | Dr. Bharat Nagar"Compressive Strength of Conventional Concrete Using E Waste" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2308.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/2308/compressive-strength-of-conventional-concrete-using-e-waste/anil-kumar-sharma

International Journal, Engineering Journal

High Performance Triplex Adder using CNTFET

Carbon Nanotubes Field Effect Transistors (CNTFETs) is used to implement a two new design of triplex half adder. conventional binary logic has a capable alternate called triplex logic, since it is possible to accomplish uncomplicatedness and energy efficiency in modern digital design due to shortened circuit overhead such as interconnect and chip area. Triplex decoders and binary logic gates are used to present two novel half adders. To obtain power, delay and power delay product the circuits are simulated using HSPICE . Recently reported designs are compared with these circuits.

These triplex adders show delay and power advantage up to 40 and 39 % with less transistor count. So, using these half adders in complex arithmetic circuits will be advantageous.

By G. Naveen Balaji | S. Chenthur Pandian | D. Rajesh"High Performance Triplex Adder using CNTFET" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2300.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/2300/high-performance-triplex-adder-using-cntfet/g-naveen-balaji

UGC Approved Journal, Engineering Journal

Alternative Low Cost Building Materials on Beams

Today, transfer of waste material is an incredible issue and it gets to be hard to discover common assets because of their extreme abuse. Utilization of waste materials as development materials has various advantages, for example, diminishment in cost, saving in energy, and protection of environment. coconut shell is a waste material which can be a substitute for aggregate. Along these lines, the primary goal of this anticipate is to empower the utilization of coconut shell as a development material and to get ready lightweight concrete by utilizing coconut shell as coarse aggregate.

In this anticipate, exploratory study has been done on characteristic strength of M35 concrete with substitution of 15% and 30% of coarse aggregate by coconut shell .Also an attempt has been made to examine the suitability of replacing the 20% of flyash with cement and simultaneously by replacing 15% and 30% of coconut shell as coarse aggregate for concrete of grade M35. The results found were comparable with that of Traditional mix.

By G Khaja | P Sai | K Siva Sankar"Alternative Low Cost Building Materials on Beams" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2295.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/2295/alternative-low-cost-building-materials-on-beams/g-khaja

Open Access Journal, Engineering Journal

Solar Power Tree - An Artistic Design

If the 19th century was the age of coal and the 20th century of oil, the 21st will be the age of sun (Solar Energy). The demand of energy is increasing with each period, with the result that the prices increasing day by day. For example, with the supply of oil the quantity of oil is decreasing and the prices are increasing. Similarly in case of coal which is abundantly for the production of electricity is available for few more hundred years. Nuclear energy produces abundant power but many fear that repercussion of catastrophes such as Chernobyl.

So in order to fulfil the increasing demand we must concentrate on utilising the non-conventional sources of energy. Energy from the sun is the best alternative among all the renewable sources. It is free, Inexhaustible, non-polluting, eco-friendly and continuous source of energy. The main drawback of solar panels is the land requirement for the installation of solar panels. But in solar tree we use very less land to produce large amount of electrical power.

By Mohd Nissar | Dr. Aziz Ahmad"Solar Power Tree - An Artistic Design"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2290.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/2290/solar-power-tree---an-artistic-design/mohd-nissar

International Journal, Engineering Journal

Aliasing Frequency Detection In a Communication Receiver

Due to cost pressure, device complexity and size issue, most of the digital communication receiver designers try to avoid very sharp Anti- Aliasing filter. And because of that aliasing frequency e.g. image frequency e.g. ghost cell frequency appear inside the digital baseband, which apparently remained un-noticed to the receiver. As receiver is blind about that signal so, it processes the aliasing signal frequency as a desired cell frequency and if the aliasing signal is strong enough, then the initial mobile receiver's operations like, cell search and camp on etc. will be successfully performed using that aliasing signal.

Later, during the uplink transmission time the receiver will discover that it has wrongly camped to an aliasing frequency, as network will not respond to mobile receiver's message due to mismatch in DL and corresponding UL ARFCN.Here in this paper, a simple, fast and efficient method is proposed to detect the presence of aliasing frequency in the received digital baseband signal.

First the dc power at 0 Hz is estimated using I and Q signal average, then that is compared with the dc power after rotating by p radian (e.g. fs/2 '“ half sampling frequency in case of a twice oversampled received signal). If the estimated dc power before rotation is much higher than the dc power after rotations that will indicate there is no aliasing frequency present in the received digital baseband signal. And in such case, the receiver will process further the received signal, otherwise it will discard or take the appropriate action to combat the aliasing.

By Dr. Om Prakash | Dr. Sajal Kumar Das | Dr. N. Rajesha"Aliasing Frequency Detection In a Communication Receiver " Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2279.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/2279/aliasing-frequency-detection-in-a-communication-receiver--/dr-om-prakash

UGC Approved Journal, Engineering Journal

Fe75-xCoxCu1Nb3Si15B6 Alloy with Rapid Stress Annealing

This Articler reports the effect of stress annealing treatment on the structural and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline Fe75-xCoxCu1Nb3Si15B6 & Co21Fe64-xNbxB15 alloys. Information obtained from magnetic measurements, X-ray diffraction measurements and Mössbauer spectroscopy reveal that for Fe75-xCoxCu1Nb3Si15B6 (x = 0, 2, 5) alloys the volume fraction of the Fe-Co nanograins and their grain diameter ranges between 56 to 80 % and 10 to 18 nm respectively.

Annealing treatment at higher temperature also resulted in appearance of Fe3Si nanocrystals along with magnetically hard Fe3B, Fe23B type phases which are responsible for higher coercive field values. Presence of cobalt and applied stress during annealing has considerable effect on relative permeability and stress induced anisotropy, which is and perpendicular to the ribbon axis. Mössbauer spectroscopy analysis also suggests changes in spin texture.

By Shailendra Singh Khinchi"Fe75-xCoxCu1Nb3Si15B6 Alloy with Rapid Stress Annealing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2272.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/physics/engineering-physics/2272/fe75-xcoxcu1nb3si15b6-alloy-with-rapid-stress-annealing/shailendra-singh-khinchi

Open Access Journal, Engineering Journal

Stress Annealed CoFeNbB Alloy : A Structural Study

Article presents the influence of Nb content on structural properties of stress annealed Co21Fe64-xNbxB15 (x = 3, 5, 7) alloys has been studied using differential scanning calorimetery, in-situ length change measurements during annealing and x-ray diffraction. Results show that, increase of Nb content in the alloy increases the stability of the alloy against crystallization and is also responsible for higher elongation of the specimens. Crystallization leads to the formation of bcc Fe-Co nano-granular phase containing Co up to 38 % and affects the spin texture.

By Shailendra Singh Khinchi"Stress Annealed CoFeNbB Alloy : A Structural Study"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2271.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/physics/engineering-physics/2271/stress-annealed-cofenbb-alloy--a-structural-study/shailendra-singh-khinchi

Open Access Journal, Engineering Journal

A Reiew on Different Configurations and Control Strategies for PMSG based WECS

The increasing trends in wind energy technology are motivating the researchers to work in this area with the aim towards the optimization of the energy extraction from the wind and the injection of the quality power into the grid. Over the last few years, wind generators based on permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) are becoming the more popular solution for the modern wind energy conversion systems (WECSs). This paper presents a critical review of the grid-integrated WECSs employing permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs).

It reviews the trends in different configurations, converter topologies, control methodologies, and methods for maximum energy extraction in PMSG based WECSs, which have been reported in various research literatures primarily in reputed research journals and transactions during last few years

By Anita | Satish Kumar"A Reiew on Different Configurations and Control Strategies for PMSG based WECS"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2220.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/2220/a-reiew-on-different-configurations-and-control-strategies-for-pmsg-based-wecs/anita

Paper Publication, Engineering Journal

Interfacing of Grid Connected Wind Energy Conversion System Based on PMSG through NPC Inverter

Wind energy is a prominent area of application of variable-speed generators operating on the constant grid frequency. This paper describes the simulation, operation and control of one of these variable-speed wind generators: the direct driven permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). This generator is connected to the off-grid load. The generator is controlled to obtain maximum power from the incident wind with maximum efficiency under different load conditions. Pitch angle control is designed to extract the power from the wind when speed is more than the base speed.

This paper shows the dynamic performance of the complete system. Different tests in a 8.5-kW prototype have been carried out to verify the benefits of the proposed system.

By Anita | Satish Kumar"Interfacing of Grid Connected Wind Energy Conversion System Based on PMSG through NPC Inverter"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2219.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/2219/interfacing-of-grid-connected-wind-energy-conversion-system-based-on-pmsg-through-npc-inverter/anita

International Journal, Engineering Journal

Control Systems in the Presence of Actuators or Sensors Degradation

In this paper, we design controller that combines an observer and a control to handle systems subject to actuator or sensor degradation (including complete failure). The observer contains a pre-filter, an adaptive law, and a modified Luenberger observer that achieves estimation of system state and estimation of conditions of actuator or sensor. We have shown that if a set of differential Riccati inequatities (DRI) is satisfied then the system can be stabilized under actuator degrad-ation. While in sensor degradation case if an Algebraci Riccati inequality (ARI) and a DRI are satisfied then the system is stabilized.

Chieh-Chuan Feng"Control Systems in the Presence of Actuators or Sensors Degradation"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2250.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/2250/control-systems-in-the-presence-of-actuators-or-sensors-degradation/chieh-chuan-feng

Indexed Journal, Engineering Journal

MIMO Systems with Degraded Actuators and Sensors

This paper presents a reliable control design technique for linear, time-invariant, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems with degraded actuators and sensors. The degradation defined in this paper ranges from normal operational conditions to complete failure of actuators and sensors. We derive linear matrix inequality (LMI) conditions ensuring robust stability of the system using static state feedback. The potential of the proposed technique has been demonstrated by an example of three coupled inverted pendulums.

By Chieh-Chuan Feng"MIMO Systems with Degraded Actuators and Sensors"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2247.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/2247/mimo-systems-with-degraded-actuators-and-sensors/chieh-chuan-feng

UGC Approved Journal, Engineering Journal

Visible Light Communication for Visually Impaired People using Sustainable LEDs

We developed navigation system prototype for the visually impaired using LED lights. Where LED lights emit visible light with location data and a smartphone or blind person's stick with a visible light receiver receives the data. The controller with receiver calculates the optimal path to a designation and speaks to the visually impaired through a headphone or turns stick left or right with the help of motor. The prototype is able to navigate the visually impaired users fairly well with speech guidance.

We believe that the application of visible light communication belongs to location-based services and new graphical user interfaces that combine visual imagery with visible light communication. For this application, users are able to know the information associated with a transmitter. If a transmitter is attached to a building or a fixed place, location information will be obtained. Indoor navigation is convenient for everyone, and it is especially useful for visually impaired. If a transmitter is attached to a building or a fixed place, location information will be obtained and conveyed to receiver using LED light. Indoor navigation is convenient for everyone, and it is especially useful for visually impaired.

By Pradnya Kulkarni | Prof. M. B. Tadwalkar"Visible Light Communication for Visually Impaired People using Sustainable LEDs"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2236.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/2236/visible-light-communication-for-visually-impaired-people-using-sustainable-leds/pradnya-kulkarni

Call For Paper, Engineering Journal

Earthquake Resistance Architecture: A Study for the Architectural Design of Buildings in Sesmic Zones

In Addressing the role of architects and the architectural aspects of earthquake performance of buildings, this paper has had three objective: First to show that earthquake construction is not merely an engineering activity for structural engineers, it is an activity to be shared by both engineers and architects; Second to demonstrate the role that non computal or architectural aspects plays in determining the earthquake resistance of building, and third to emphasise the need for engineers to understand characteristics of traditional construction and for architects to understand the problem and nature of earthquake effect on building.

By Prof. Y. P. Singh"Earthquake Resistance Architecture: A Study for the Architectural Design of Buildings in Sesmic Zones"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017,

Paper URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2229.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/2229/earthquake-resistance-architecture-a-study-for-the-architectural-design-of-buildings-in-sesmic-zones/prof-y-p-singh

International Journal, Engineering Journal