Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Girder for Bridges

Today bridge building has gained worldwide importance. Bridges are the key elements in every road network and the use of pre stressed girder bridges is becoming more and more popular in bridge construction due to their better stability, service friendliness, economy and durability, aesthetic and structural appearance. Typically reinforced concrete construction, steel construction or steel composite construction is used. In the case of high spans, reinforced concrete construction is uneconomical due to the larger span. , the cross section is used more efficiently than the reinforced concrete cross section. Pre stressed concrete is used for long span bridges with a span of more than 10 m. Conventionally, when calculating bridges, the superstructure and substructure are analyzed separately. The superstructure is usually a grid made up of main girders, transverse membranes and a deck slab. a grid of linear elements The columns of the main girders are anchored. The superstructure is examined according to IRC 62014 and according to IRC 182000 for unconsidered gravitational loads and moving vehicle loads. Reduction of the stress level and also of the deflection compared to the straight tendon profile. 

by Avinash Kumar Vidyarthi | Dr. P. K. Singhai | Rohit Sahu "Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Girder for Bridges" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46362.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/46362/analysis-of-prestressed-concrete-girder-for-bridges/avinash-kumar-vidyarthi

internationaljournalofscience, openaccessjournalofscience, ugcapprovedjournalsforscience 

Performance Evolution of Modified Bituminous Concrete Mix Using Waste Plastic

Generally a bituminous mixture is a mixture of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, filler and binder. A Hot Mix Asphalt is a bituminous mixture where all constituents are mixed, placed and compacted at high temperature. HMA can be Dense Graded mixes DGM known as Bituminous Concrete BC . Bituminous mix is generally used as a surface course and wearing course in flexible pavements since it is necessary that the wearing course must provide a smooth riding surface that is dense and at the same time take up wear and tear due to traffic. The development of transportation plays an important role in the development of nation. With flexible pavements being widely used in India, steps must be taken to increase the life of the bituminous pavements. Flexible pavements are often plagued with problems of cracking and rutting due to repeated traffic loads. Hence one needs to address these problems in order to improve the performance of flexible pavements. 

by Pankaj Singh | Dr. Rajeev Singh Parihar | Abhay Kumar Jha | Barun Kumar "Performance Evolution of Modified Bituminous Concrete Mix Using Waste Plastic" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46356.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/46356/performance-evolution-of-modified-bituminous-concrete-mix-using-waste-plastic/pankaj-singh

ugcapprovedmanagementjournal, openaccessjournalofmanagement, paperpublicationinmanagement

Characterization of Red Mud as a Construction Materials Using with Natural Soil

Soil is very important in civil engineering constructions. The poor engineering properties of the local soils may present many difficulties for construction and therefore need to improve their engineering properties. Stabilization techniques can be used to improve the properties of soil. Soil stabilization improves various engineering properties e.g. bearing capacity, compressibility, strength, and various other properties of soil. In this study the impact of Red Mud to improve the strength of soil. The soil was stabilized with Red Mud in stepped concentration of 5 , 10 , 15 , 20 , 25 and 30 by dry weight of the soil individually. All stabilized soil samples were also cured for 96 hours for CBR test in fully saturated condition. The test results indicate that the addition of Red Mud enhances the percentage of grain size distribution, but with addition of Red Mud till 20 the LL, PL,PI and decreases, while these parameters further increases in this limit beyond i.e. 20 to 30 of Red Mud, but in the case of The optimal percentage of Red Mud at which maximum CBR is achieved is selected, Specific gravity value of Natural Soil is 2.57, but as of Red Mud is increases, specific gravity value decreases gradually from 2.57 to 2.44 with increase in percentage of Red Mud from 0 to 30 and value of raw soil is achieved as 1.85 gm cc at OMC of 13.65 . It got increased to 1.93 gm cc at OMC of 12.30 when Red Mud is increased from 0 to 20 is effective beyond also there is decreasing in MDD from 1.93 gm cc at OMC of 12.30 to 1.89 gm cc at OMC of 13.20 when Red Mud is increased from 20 to 30 . The CBR value increases with the addition of Red Mud till 20 , while it decreases beyond the limit 20 to 30 with addition of Red Mud. For both soaked and unsoaked condition. 

by Sourabh Gupta | Dr. Anil Kumar Saxena "Characterization of Red Mud as a Construction Materials Using with Natural Soil" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46355.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/46355/characterization-of-red-mud-as-a-construction-materials-using-with-natural-soil/sourabh-gupta

internationaljournalofmanagement, callforpapermanagement, managementjournal  

A Proactive Maintenance by Using Micro Surfacing for Pavement

The method of mix design for microsurfacing as described by ASTM and ISSA, clearly stated that the methods for mix design should be used only as a guide. Therefore, a more exact method is needed to provide successful mix designs, based on performance related tests included in the design method rather than relying heavily on the experience of the construction crew with these types of treatments. The two method ‘Laboratory method of mixing and curing microsurfacing mixtures TxDOT, 2004 ' and “A Laboratory Investigation on Bitumen Emulsion Mixes” Tipnis and Pandey, 2001 have been tried in the laboratory but there were some limitations to these methods as balling could not stop completely unless a very careful mixing of the mix is taken care off. Therefore, a different mixing methodology of mixing coarse and fine aggregates with emulsion is explored and is explained. where it is found that forming of a ball during the mixing of aggregates with emulsion appeared to have been solved, and no balling was formed.

by Abhay Singh | Dr. Shubha Agrawal "A Proactive Maintenance by Using Micro Surfacing for Pavement" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47722.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47722/a-proactive-maintenance-by-using-micro-surfacing-for-pavement/abhay-singh

peerreviewedjournals, reviewpapers, callforpaperhealthscience

Analysis of a High Rise Structure Using E Tabs Software

Now a days, the architects often prohibit the widths of the columns so that more free space is available and for the good aesthetic look of the building without columns protruding out of the walls and corners. Advances in structural members and techniques to resist lateral forces are generally used now days to pretend more stable and safe structure. Solid structures with non rectangular uncommonly formed flimsy segments discovered as an option in contrast to the above said issue and it is discovered that non rectangular uniquely molded dainty segments performs well basically with all investigation results inside satisfactory cutoff points. In present work with the end goal to contrast fortified solid structure using traditional columns against structure designed with special shaped columns considering seismic loads on G 12 multi story building having plan measurement 63.20 m x 29.50 m is displayed and dissected in ETABS 2018 adaptation coordinated building outline programming. Proportionate static investigation and dynamic reaction range examination are performed on the structure. 

by Bhavya Upadhyay | Dr. Rajeev Singh Parihar | Abhay Kumar Jha "Analysis of a High Rise Structure Using E-Tabs Software" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47728.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/47728/analysis-of-a-high-rise-structure-using-etabs-software/bhavya-upadhyay

ugcapprovedjournalswithlowpublicationfees, conferenceissuepublication

Non Availability of Sulphur Due To High Thermo Climatic Variation in Oil Crop under Tarai Region of Uttar Pradesh

Sulphur S is an essential nutrient for the plant growth and its metabolic activities. Its occurrence depends upon the parent materials and rocks from which soil is derived. Sulphur is a structural constituent of many co enzymes and secondary plant products and acts as a functional group directly involved in metabolic reactions in plants. Further, it is an essential component for plant system which is present in soils in both organic and inorganic forms. Organic form particularly sulphate ester and carbon bonded sulphur contributes approximately 75 90 of the total sulphur. Widespread sulphur deficiencies in soils and crops have increased worldwide because of low input of S in the soil . This might became the cause of valuable yield reduction in many crops. Sulphur deficiencies in soils are generally attributed due to low in organic matter, coarse textured, well drained, and subject to leaching etc .Conversion of natural ecosystems into agricultural lands for intensive cultivation severely depletes soil organic carbon pools , which ultimately depletes the sulphur content of the soil in the Tarai region of UP. The importance of sulphur S nutrition in crops for their growth and development has been receiving increased attention in recent years. Sulphur plays an important role in the synthesis of S containing amino acids cystine, cysteine, and methionine , proteins, vitamins, chlorophyll, oils, etc. Although essential for plants, proper monitoring in the fertilization process was not initiated in the past which resulted in depletion of S reserves. Widespread deficiencies of S have been attributed to S mining by the use of high analysis or S free fertilizers and continuation of rice wheat or rice mustard cropping system. The temperature of soil is a significant parameter in agriculture since proper warmth at proper depths not only conditions efficient plant growing. It also determines the time for sowing, due to the importance of soil temperature for seed germination. Soil temperature regimes vary monthly, seasonally, and daily, and since the main source of earth heating is solar radiation, farmers have to manage the hottest peaks during the day, with ultimate sun activity. Studying soil temperatures, earth heat fluxes, and, in particular, correlations between wet and dry lands and their heat absorbing capacities helps agriculturalists to productively schedule field events. 

by Shivesh Singh | Shivam Singh | Shivangi Singh | Pramod Kumar Singh | Mahindra Pratap Singh "Non Availability of Sulphur Due To High Thermo-Climatic Variation in Oil Crop under Tarai Region of Uttar Pradesh" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47719.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/agricultural-engineering/47719/non-availability-of-sulphur-due-to-high-thermoclimatic-variation-in-oil-crop-under-tarai-region-of-uttar-pradesh/shivesh-singh

callforpaperarts, artsjournal, peerreviewedjournal 

An Experimental Study of Soil Stabilization with Cement and Polymer

The aim of the study was to determine the value of Unconfined compressive strength and CBR values of Soil after stabilizing it with Cement and Polymer. Soil stabilization has been widely used as an alternative to substitute the lack of suitable material on site. The utilization of nontraditional compound stabilizers in soil improvement is developing every day. In this investigation a lab try was led to assess the impacts of waterborne polymer on unconfined pressure quality on sandy soil and CBR Test on clayey soil .The lab tests were performed including grain size of sandy soil, unit weight, and unconfined compressive quality test. The sand and different measures of polymer 2 , 3 , and 4 and concrete 20 , 30 , and 40 were blended in with every one of them into mixture utilizing hand blending in research center conditions. The examples were exposed to unconfined pressure tests to decide their quality following 7 days of restoring. The consequences of the tests showed that the waterborne polymer fundamentally improved the unconfined pressure quality of sandy soils which have weakness of liquefaction. Polymer altered the building properties of soil through physical holding. The amount of polymer required to modify the engineering properties was directly related to specific surface and soil particle coating thickness. Polymer amended soils displayed a reduced performance compared to cement amended soils. 

by Sankalp Jain | Prabhat Kumar Tiwari | Abhay Kumar Jha "An Experimental Study of Soil Stabilization with Cement and Polymer" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47711.pdf 

Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47711/an-experimental-study-of-soil-stabilization-with-cement-and-polymer/sankalp-jain

callforpapercommerce, ugcapprovedjournalsincommerce, commercejournal