A Comprehensive Review of Possibility using Solar Energy for Electricity Generation in Libya

Libya suffers from electricity shortages, and many challenges will have to be overcome to meet future increases in electrical demands. The deficiency of electricity generation in Libya is clearly manifested in the fact that demand on electricity still exceeds its supply as blackouts become more frequent. In peak demand time, blackouts and outages are the major phenomena in almost all the Libyan regions. Due to technical issues, illegal connections and throughout the lengthy civil war, the generation and transmission in addition to distribution functions suffered partial destruction and consequent outages. For all the mentioned problems, Renewable energy sources and technologies have potential to provide solutions to the long standing energy problems being faced by the Libyan electricity. Alternative renewable energy sources like solar energy technology can be an important part of Libyas plan not only to add new capacity but also to increase energy security, address environmental concerns, as well as to overcome energy shortage. Libya is very rich in solar energy resources and possesses large wasteland areas in the Sahara that represent 88 of the total area and much of this is relatively flat. Libya is one of the countries with the abundance of this type of energy, with a daily average of the sunshine reached to 8.1 kWh m2 day, and where annual solar activity more than 3500 kWh m2 year on the horizontal surface. Losses in the transmission and distribution system will be reduced since power is generated near loads. The grid availability and stability will increase and individuals can save money in their electricity bill and finally the generated power is clean and nonpolluting. This paper presents the main sources of alternative renewable energy in Libya and its potential besides the main reasons Libya is turning to alternative energy solutions to fully utilize its renewable energy resources, fulfill the energy demand in the future and to reduce the outages of electricity and carbon emissions. The study also found that, there is need to investigate more the potential of offshore wind, biomass, and hydro tide and wave thermal energy .The paper finishes with some conclusions and recommendations. 

by Dr. Nuri M. Triki "A Comprehensive Review of Possibility using Solar Energy for Electricity Generation in Libya" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35717.pdf

Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/35717/a-comprehensive-review-of-possibility-using-solar-energy-for-electricity-generation-in-libya/dr-nuri-m-triki

openaccessjournalofengineering, engineeringjournal, paperpublicationforengineering

Analysis and Design of Pre Cast Box for Road under Bridge and Road Over Bridge by using Staad Pro

A level crossing or a grade crossing is a place where railroad line and a street meet each other at a similar level. In the Urban regions for the most part the level intersections are checked by qualified railroad staffs that screen the train development and close the level intersection door to stop the meddling street traffic yet such shutting of entryways prompts gridlock in streets, makes loss of time the street clients and now and again likewise prompts a mishap. The best choices to kill the level going across are Road under Bridge RUB and Road over Bridge ROB . There are 3 fundamental strategies for development of street under scaffold. Box pushing strategy, Cut and spread strategy, moving method utilizing RH brace. In this paper a plan of Road under Bridge or Subway by Box Pushing Method is introduced. During that time, traffic is continuing overhead typically, ignorant of the development beneath. The no problematic nature of the cycle along with its inalienable wellbeing, effortlessness and economy make box pushing a valuable apparatus for the rehearsing structural designer. This paper means to carry a more noteworthy experience with the crate pushing cycle to the peruser and afterward give a few contemplations and rules to help engineers in planning an undertaking that can be assembled utilizing the container pushing strategy. Box pushing is a settled methods for designing ducts or passages under rail banks or streams to oblige street or rail traffic. 

by Oriz Khan | Prof. Kapil Mandloi "Analysis and Design of Pre Cast Box for Road under Bridge and Road Over Bridge by using Staad Pro" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35762.pdf

Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/35762/analysis-and-design-of-pre-cast-box-for-road-under-bridge-and-road-over-bridge-by-using-staad-pro/oriz-khan

callforpapereconomics, economicsjournal

A Testing of Fly Ash through the Mix up of Nano Silica for Difference of Strength in Concrete

Concrete is the most prevalent development material on the planet. It is made by blending fine and coarse aggregates, water, cement, and added substances in a specifically endorsed extent. Concrete has discovered use in a large variety of development shape parkway, channel, linings, scaffold, and dams to the most lovely and aesthetic of structures. The growth of reinforcement to supply required elasticity propels in bare outline, and pre pushing and post tensioning have turned into the premier auxiliary material. The most ultimate properties of concrete and workability of concrete rely upon aggregate. One would not consider utilizing wood for a dam, steel for asphalt, or black top for a building outline however, concrete is utilized for each of these and some different uses than other development materials. Indeed, even where another material is the main segment of a structure, concrete is normally utilized for specific work. It is utilized to help, to encase, to surface, and to fill. More individuals need to find out about concrete than about other specific materials. 

by Pranshu Pandey | Abhay Kumar Jha | Barun Kumar "A Testing of Fly-Ash through the Mix up of Nano-Silica for Difference of Strength in Concrete" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33663.pdf

Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/33663/a-testing-of-flyash-through-the-mix-up-of-nanosilica-for-difference-of-strength-in-concrete/pranshu-pandey

internationaljournalofmanagement, callforpapermanagement, managementjournal 

Experimental Investigation of Stress Concentration in Cross Section of Crane Hook

Crane Hooks are highly liable components and are always subjected to failure due to the amount of stresses concentration which can eventually lead to its failure. To study the stress pattern of crane hook in its loaded condition, a solid model of crane hook is prepared with the help of solid works or Pro E software. Real time pattern of stress concentration in 3D model of crane hook is obtained. By predicting the stress concentration area, the shape of the crane is modified to increase its working life and reduce the failure rates. Hooks are employed in heavy industries to carry tonnes of loads safely. These hooks have a big role to play as far as the safety of the crane loaded is concerned. With more and more industrialization the rate at which these hooks are forged are increasing. This work has been carried out on one of the major crane hook carrying a larger load comparatively. The cad model of the crane hook is initially prepared with the help of existing drawings. It is then followed by implementation of modified cross section of hook in the static structural analysis workbench of ANSYS. The selection was based on the satisfaction of several factors in the form of load carrying capacity, stress induced and deflection Stress analysis plays a significant role in the design of parts and structures that must carry load. In this study, Crane hook which is one of lifting equipment, frequently used in material handling is investigated. Analytical Straight beam, curved beam and Winkler Bach approximation, FEM methods were used by various researchers to study stress pattern of crane hook in its loaded condition. The fatigue of the crane which leads to failure of propagation of cracks by stress concentration. 

by Gabriel. A | Suganth. V | Dr. S. Velumani "Experimental Investigation of Stress Concentration in Cross Section of Crane Hook" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33640.pdf

Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/33640/experimental-investigation-of-stress-concentration-in-cross-section-of-crane-hook/gabriel-a

callforpaperarts, artsjournal, peerreviewedjournal 

Progressive Collapse Analysis of Multi Storey Steel Structure with Bracing Systems using E Tabs

Progressive collapse refers to the phenomenon in which the local damage of a primary structural element leads to total or partial structural system failure, without any proportionality between the initial and final damage. Even if the probability of structural collapse is low, if it occurs, it can cause significant losses. In the past few decades, many incidents of the total or partial collapse of structures due to fire, explosions or impacts have occurred. In the present study, Multi storey structure is considered. The modelling and analysis are carried out using E tabs software. The different bracing systems are used to analysis the structural behavior. The Structure is later verified for progressive collapse analysis at 3 different locations such as corner, Centre and middle of the structure. The progressive analysis is carried out and results are extracted and discussed. The displacement control can be easily achieved by providing bracings. The displacement of bare frame models can be reduced by 55 , 55 and 63 by adopting bracings such as Diagonal bracing, V Bracing and X Bracing systems. The progressive collapse analysis shows the failure of upper level beams. It is estimated that, the maximum increase in percentage of DCR value for beams are around 38 , 52 and 59 for location A, B and C respectively. And hence the beams are super designed for these additional capacities to avoid progressive collapse. From the overall results, it is concluded that, the bracings are very much necessary for the reductions of displacement and drift effect in a building. However, its Importance is not of much use in case of progressive collapse state. The X Bracings are preferred for bracing system. 

by Rekha M N | Dr. S Vijaya | Dr. B Shivakumara Swamy "Progressive Collapse Analysis of Multi Storey Steel Structure with Bracing Systems using E-Tabs" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33544.pdf

Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/structural-engineering/33544/progressive-collapse-analysis-of-multi-storey-steel-structure-with-bracing-systems-using-etabs/rekha-m-n

internationaljournalsofcomputerscience, callforpapercomputerscience, ugcapprovedjournalsforcomputerscience 

Finite Element Analysis of Ball Bearing for Different Materials

Bearing is an important part of a moving machine which is used for relative motion between the contact surfaces. Wear and tear of bearing is a common problem due to friction between the moving parts. A lot of researchers have done work for improving the life of the bearing. In the present work, traditionally used ball bearing has been modeled and analysed using FEM. Parameters such as Equivalent Von Misses Stress, Maximum Principal Stress, Equivalent Elastic Strain, Maximum Shear Stress and Total Deformation have been found out. Analysis has also been carried for finding out the effect of material of bearing steel, Structural Steel, Si3N4 and SiC on its performance along with elastic strain, stiffness and total deformation for various materials. It can be concluded that the Deformation and Elastic Strain induced in the SiC is less than the steel, structural steel and Si3N4 for the present investigation and the Stiffness of SiC is maximum as compared to steel, structural steel and Si3N4 hence SiC is the best material for ball bearing. 

by Pushpendra Tiwari | N. V. Saxena "Finite Element Analysis of Ball Bearing for Different Materials" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33541.pdf

Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/33541/finite-element-analysis-of-ball-bearing-for-different-materials/pushpendra-tiwari

ugcapprovedjournalswithlowpublicationfees, conferenceissuepublication

An Experimental Study on Properties of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement with Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Glass Powder

Objectives There are increase in demand and utilization of cement and many scientists are in search for developing alternative binding materials that can be eco friendly. The use of agricultural and industrial waste produced can help in reduction of waste is our focus. Methods In this work one of the agricultural waste named sugarcane bagasse ash SCBA and industrial waste named glass powder has been used as partial replacement of cement. SCBA is produced by burning of sugarcane bagasse which is left after extraction of juice from sugarcane. At high temperature under controlled condition bagasse is burned to obtain ash which contains high amorphous silica. In this paper the cement by weight is replaced by 0 , 5 , 10 , 15 , 20 and 25 by SCBA in concrete. Findings A comparison is made for 0 and other percentages by conducting different tests named compressive strength test, flexural strength test and split tensile strength test for 7 days and 28 days. Improvements The test results shows that Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and glass powder can be utilized for partial replacement of cement up to 10 by weight of cement without any major loss in strength. 

by Bharath V B | Kuldeep Singh Solanki | Abdirizak Ismail Jimale "An Experimental Study on Properties of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement with Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Glass Powder" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, 

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33538.pdf

Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/33538/an-experimental-study-on-properties-of-concrete-by-partial-replacement-of-cement-with-sugarcane-bagasse-ash-and-glass-powder/bharath-v-b

callforpapertechnology, technologyjournal