Crowd Sensing Systems A Mini Review

The main purpose of crowd sensing systems is to extract information based on the crowd in environment. . This paper briefly explains each type of sensors that were widely used in real life situations. Each type of sensors is covered from basic understanding, tools, method of algorithm, their finding, way of conducting test, and results. Such as visual sensor, acoustic sensor, capacitive, infrared, radio-frequency identification and carbon dioxide gas sensors. 

The review focused on existing system used on human occupancy. The goal is to summarize the existing approach from various types, guides the creation of new systems and point toward future research directions. 

By W. A. F. W. Othman | S. S. N. Alhady | A. A. A. Wahab | M. H. A. Ahmad "Crowd Sensing Systems: A Mini Review"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18619.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/18619/crowd-sensing-systems-a-mini-review/w-a-f-w-othman

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A Review on Transformer - Less UPFC

This paper is a review of an innovative technique with a new concept of transformer-less unified power flow controller UPFC . The Transformer-less UPFC is based on two cascade multilevel inverters CMIs , which reduce the complexity of the circuit. The construction of the conventional UPFC consists of two back-to-back inverters which results in complexity and bulkiness which involves the transformers which are complication for isolation and attaining high power rating with required output waveforms.

 The proposed controller will reduce the cost and space as compared to the conventional UPFC. A multilevel configuration technique will be used to reduce the total harmonic content and thus increases the overall efficiency of the system.

By Shaikh Mohammed Tauseef | S. M. Kulkarni "A Review on Transformer - Less UPFC" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18750.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/18750/a-review-on-transformer---less-upfc/shaikh-mohammed-tauseef

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Design and Construction of an Electric Arc Welding Machine's Transformer

Arc welding machine is the type machine that uses an electric power as an input, which is being supplied through the primary and then transferred to the secondary winding by induction which can be used to carry out welding work by connecting to the output terminal the welding cables. The output of the machine is designed in a way that it can be varied by adjusting the crank of the machines in clockwise or anti-clockwise direction in either to increase or decrease the output current respectively depending on the size of the material it is to be used on. The major component of the machine that carry out such function is the transformer. 

This paper focuses on the design and construction of the welding machine transformer. The transformer is single phase which has shell type of lamination core and insulated windings of copper coils. In addition, the windings are given double insulation with the use of varnish solution which helps to prevent short-circuiting in the windings. With the help of Angle iron and lamination core, the core loss, iron loss in the machine is reduced to minimum. The voltage in Vin was determined directly from the mains of power supply and recorded. 

The voltage out Vout was recorded when the transformer was connected to the power supply at zero load while the scaling factor is the ratio of the output voltage and input voltage. The turn factor was also calculated to determine the relationship of the turn given to the transformer and the scaling factor. It was also observed that the scaling factor and the turn factor at terminal A is almost the same, this shows that the higher the turns the better the transformer to avoid high current which may cause spark and also improving the efficiency. Asiwe Uchechukwu.

By M | Edema Anthony | Edeafeadhe Godspower "Design and Construction of an Electric Arc Welding Machine's Transformer" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18784.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/18784/design-and-construction-of-an-electric-arc-welding-machine's-transformer/asiwe-uchechukwu-m

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Heart Rate Variability Analysis of PC Interactive E-Learning Studies

The objective of this particular research was the analysis of variations in the heart rate variability indicating the functionality of the autonomic nervous system as well as psychotic strain because of computer-based e-learning classroom study in the students. Comprehensive records were obtained from 25 students before and after the computer-based e-learning classroom study for 2 hours having an average age of 21 years and in accordance with two comparable 8.46-minute HRV measurements of each student.

The frequency domain and nonlinear analysis of HRV were conducted using the non-parametric FFT spectrum and Poincare plot analysis receptively on RR time series data extracted from ECG recordings. The HRV factors and details disclosed considerable variations in HRV before and after computer-based e-learning classroom study in students. 

By Arjun Singh Vijoriya | Dr. Ranjan Maheshwari "Heart Rate Variability Analysis of PC Interactive E-Learning Studies" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18644.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/bio-mechanicaland-biomedical-engineering/18644/heart-rate-variability-analysis-of-pc-interactive-e-learning-studies/arjun-singh-vijoriya

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Review Performance Evaluation of Single Species and Multispecies Constructed Wetland by using Septic Tank Effluent

In developing countries, the most of the wastewater being generated in the outskirt areas of cities and rural area is directly disposed into the surface water bodies without treatment. It will leads to serious degradation of aquatic ecosystem and impair the water quality. The present paper states that constructed wetland provides better secondary treatment to the domestic wastewater with different media and plant species. 

For single species constructed wetland, in retention time of 11 days, it was found that the maximum removal efficiencies of 93.17 for BOD, 78 for COD and 96.49 for total suspended solids for different plant species and media. For multispecies constructed wetland, in the retention time of 11 days, it was found that the maximum removal efficiencies of 93.6 for BOD, 92.9 for COD, 94 for total suspended solids.

By Mr. Suhas J. Patil | Mr. S. M. Bhosale | Mr. A. A. Kulkarni "Review: Performance Evaluation of Single Species and Multispecies Constructed Wetland by using Septic Tank Effluent" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18736.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/environmental-engineering/18736/review-performance-evaluation-of-single-species-and-multispecies-constructed-wetland-by-using-septic-tank-effluent/mr-suhas-j-patil

international peer reviewed journal, paper publication for engineering, conference issue publication

A New Hybrid Synchronous Reluctance Machine Capable of Ultra-High Output Power

A new hybrid synchronous reluctance machine capable of ultra-high Xd Xq ratio output power has been studied. A d-q model voltage and flux linkage of the hybrid synchronous reluctance machine has been idealized and developed. Also the impedance and current loci from steady state analysis of the machine was obtained. The effect of capacitor loading in the auxiliary winding was investigated. The power factor and torque developed in the hybrid synchronous reluctance machine was compared with the conventional synchronous reluctance machine. 

The hybridized synchronous reluctance machine improved the major constraints of conventional reluctance machine - low power output and poor power factor due to low ratio of direct to quadrature axis reactance Xd Xq . To achieve this two elemental synchronous machines was conceived. Both were internally wound with identical winding in the stator. The rotor of one of the synchronous reluctance machine component is round while the other has a salient pole. Both machine halves were mechanically coupled together. 

One set of the winding of both machines were connected in series and fed from the main while the other set was also connected in series but transposed between the two section of the of the machine and then connected to a balanced three phased variable capacitance load. It was the capacitance loading of the auxiliary winding makes the overall Xd Xqratio of the hybrid machine to be variable that can theoretically attain values between zero and infinity. This translates to ultra-high output and unity power factor. 

By S E Abonyi "A New Hybrid Synchronous Reluctance Machine Capable of Ultra-High Output Power" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18643.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/18643/a-new-hybrid-synchronous-reluctance-machine-capable-of-ultra-high-output-power/s-e-abonyi

international peer reviewed journal, paper publication for engineering, conference issue publication

A Review on Architecture, Issues, Challenges and Applications in Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

Underwater Wireless Sensor Network UWSN is an emerging technique for various underwater applications such as marine climate observation, pollution tracking, disaster prevention, underwater surveillance etc. And, each of these applications require Sensor Nodes SNs to effectively provide accurate sensed data. A node must know its own location before sending data to its neighbour. The need for location arises because the number of nodes is very large and it is not possible for the base station to nd the nodes' positions, so the individual node is required to send location information along with the observed data to provide exact location to the user, which means the node must localize itself. 

However, due to the complex environment, it is very challenging to transmit the collected data to the base station on the surface quickly and effectively. An energy ef cient routing protocol plays a vital role in data transmission. However, due to the speci c characteristics of UWSNs, such as dynamic structure, narrow bandwidth, rapid energy consumption, and high latency, it is dif cult to build routing protocols for UWSNs. In this article, we focus on surveying architecture, challenges, opportunities as well as various applications in UWSN.

By Gaurav Rai | Ravi Kumar Malik "A Review on Architecture, Issues, Challenges and Applications in Underwater Wireless Sensor Network" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18634.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/18634/a-review-on-architecture-issues-challenges-and-applications-in-underwater-wireless-sensor-network/gaurav-rai

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