Finger Spelling Identification by Employing Picture Processing

Human hands are delicate instruments. Hand gestures and finger gestures are excellent ways of emphasizing what we say, but on the other hand they can also reveal our true intentions. In this paper introduced a continuous Indian sign language recognition system, wherever each the hands are used for playacting any gesture. Recognizing a sign language gestures from continuous gestures could be a terribly difficult analysis issue. In this paper, a new skeleton-based approach is proposed for 3D hand gesture recognition. Specifically, we exploit the geometric shape of the hand to extract an effective descriptor from hand skeleton connected joints returned by the Intel RealSense depth camera. 

This paper solve the problem using gradient based key frame extraction technique. These key frames are useful for splitting continuous language gestures into sequence of signs further as for removing uninformative frames. After splitting of gestures every sign has been treated as associate degree isolated gesture. Then features of pre-processed gestures are extracted using orientation histogram (OH) with principal component analysis (PCA) is applied for reducing dimension of features obtained after OH. 

By Bhagya R | Nandakumar R B"Finger Spelling Identification by Employing Picture Processing"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd12825.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/12825/finger-spelling-identification-by-employing-picture-processing/bhagya-r

research papers, paper publication for engineering, conference issue publication

The Viability of Thermal Energy Storage and Phase Change Material: A Review

Energy demands vary on daily, weekly and seasonal bases. With rising cost of energy and an increasing demand for renewable energy sources, thermal energy storage (TES) systems are becoming an interesting option. TES is a key component of any successful thermal system and a good TES should allow minimum thermal energy losses. Thermal energy storage is considered advanced energy technology, and there has been an increasing interest in using this essential technique for the thermal applications such as heating, hot water, air conditioning, and so on. 

The selection of the TES systems mainly depends on the storage period required i.e. ., diurnal or seasonal. Economic viability, operating conditions, and the like. In practice, many research and development activities related to energy have been concentrated on efficient energy use and energy savings, leading to energy conservation. Paraffin waxes are cheap and have moderate thermal energy storage density but low thermal conductivity and, hence, require a large surface area. Thermal storage has been characterized as a kind of thermal battery. So this paper emphasized on the capability of thermal energy storage system and its viability. 

By P Bala Subrahmanyam | Prof. Rohit Soni"The Viability of Thermal Energy Storage and Phase Change Material: A Review"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd12776.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/12776/the-viability-of-thermal-energy-storage-and-phase-change-material-a-review/p-bala-subrahmanyam

best journal, manuscript submission, call for paper engineering

Techniques for Heat Transfer Augmentation in A Heat Exchanger: A Review

Many industrial application including power plants, chemical, refrigerator and air conditioning systems use heat exchangers to remove excess generated heat out of the system. Heat exchangers have several industrial and engineering applications. The design procedure of heat exchangers is quite complicated, as it needs exact analysis of heat transfer rate and pressure drop estimations apart from issues such as long-term performance and the economic aspect of the equipment. 

Heat transfer augmentation techniques refer to different methods used to increase rate of heat transfer without affecting much overall performance of the system. These techniques broadly are of three types viz. passive, active and compound techniques. The present paper includes various heat transfer augmentation techniques. A literature review of heat transfer augmentation has been included. This paper presents a review of published works on the heat transfer enhancement by active and passive methods. 

by Irsad Alam | Prof. Rohit Soni"Techniques for Heat Transfer Augmentation in A Heat Exchanger: A Review"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd12764.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/12764/techniques-for-heat-transfer-augmentation-in-a-heat-exchanger-a-review/irsad-alam

manuscript publication, submit paper online, indexed journal

Experimental and numerical investigation on structural behaviour of Bubble Deck Slab with conventional slab

Slab is one of the largest consuming concrete member to carrying a load. A slab being the essential part of the building and should be successfully intended and utilized. The slab requires more concrete, while constructing the co2 emission is high and it leads to global warming, hence has to be optimized. Concrete plays a major role in the construction field. The usage of concrete is high in slab construction. Multiple elements transferring and resisting external loads throughout the structure. 

The vertical loads acting on the slab can be transferring to the beam and then column .The gravity path is depends upon the type of slab is used and also we consider the load transfers from the structure only on the column portion not throughout the slab. While reducing the dead weight of the slab the entire construction weight is least and cost saving is also elevated. Therefore we reduce the concrete in centre of the slab by using cast-off balls. Bubble Deck slab is one of the recently developed prefabrication construction technology functional in many engineering projects in the world. 

In Bubble Deck slab either can use steel balls or hollow balls will be recycled plastic and therefore it reduce the dead weight of the slab and also eliminating the concrete part which does not contribute to the structural concert. The model is analyzed by ANSYS software with appropriate support conditions as with the experimental setup and providing uniformly distributed loading in the bubble deck slab and in conventional slab. 

The stress and deformation results were evaluated and compared the bubble deck slab with conventional slab were observed using finite element analysis. At last the comparison has been made for Bubble Deck Slab with the Conventional slab over its self weight. From the evaluation of these results, Bubble Deck Slab gives better performance than that of the conventional slab. 

By M. Ranjitham | N. V. Manjunath"Experimental and numerical investigation on structural behaviour of Bubble Deck Slab with conventional slab"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11532.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/11532/experimental-and-numerical-investigation-on-structural-behaviour-of-bubble-deck-slab-with-conventional-slab/m-ranjitham

high impact factor, ugc approved journals for engineering, special issue publication

Prediction Models for Estimation of California Bearing Ratio for Cohesive Soil

Cohesive soils are well known for their low strength properties. Thus, they are inappropriate for geotechnical works. Soils may be stabilized to increase strength and durability. Stabilization with cement is a common treatment technology. The present study examines the strength of cement stabilized soil. The laboratory tests were carried out in order to study the strength of california bearing ratio (CBR). 

Nine clayey soils with different properties were mixed with various amounts of cement content (3, 6, 9 and 12%) and compacted at the optimum moisture content and maximum dry density. Soaked or unsoaked condition of soil affects the CBR value. The test results show that unsoaked CBR before stabilization ranges between 2.78% and 10.22% which that of its corresponding soaked samples range between 1.01% and 9.5%. After stabilization, the values of unsoaked CBR range between 3.08% and 47%. 

The maximum values of unsoaked CBR are within 10.8% to 47%. So it can be used as sub-base condition. The conventional CBR testing method is expensive and time consuming. The laboratory test results were used for the development of regression based model to predict unsoaked and soaked CBR values for natural and cement stabilized soil. 

By Aye Aye Myat | Nyan Myint Kyaw | Htay Win"Prediction Models for Estimation of California Bearing Ratio for Cohesive Soil"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd12819.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/12819/prediction-models-for-estimation-of-california-bearing-ratio-for-cohesive-soil/aye-aye-myat

international peer reviewed journal, paper publication for engineering, conference issue publication

IoT based Automatic Electricity bill generation with theft detection

In this proposed system, a customer can view bills when necessary. The main idea of having an Email service is to have better communication with consumers and email is the ideal way to achieve it. When the bill is processed by the system, billing details are sent via email. This is a real time system. Wireless data transmission and receiving technique is used. 

This will provide an additional facility of wireless meter reading with the same technique and in same cost. This will protect distribution network from power theft done. The power theft detection system is used to detect an unauthorized consumption of electricity from distribution lines. Implementation area of this system is a distribution network of electrical power supply system. The existing system is not able to identify the exact location of consumption or tapping. This system finds out whether the theft is taking place or not. 

By Masoud A. Khatib | Mohiyuddin I. Mahable | Salman S. Maniyar | Prof. Waseem S. Tamboli"IoT based Automatic Electricity bill generation with theft detection"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd11416.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/11416/iot-based-automatic-electricity-bill-generation-with-theft-detection/masoud-a-khatib

peer reviewed journals, manuscript submission, call for paper engineering

Alternative RAM Mapping Algorithm for Embedded Memory Blocks in FPGA

Contemporary ?eld-programmable gate array (FPGA) design requires a spectrum of available physical resources. As FPGA logic capacity has grown, locally accessed FPGA embedded memory blocks have increased in importance. When targeting FPGAs, application designers often specify high-level memory functions, which exhibit a range of sizes and control structures. These logical memories must be mapped to FPGA embedded memory resources such that physical design objectives are met. 

In this paper, a set of power efficient logical-to-physical RAM mapping algorithms is described, which converts user de?ned memory speci?cations to on-chip FPGA memory block resources. These algorithms minimize RAM dynamic power by evaluating a range of possible embedded memory block mappings and selecting the most power-ef?cient choice. Our automated approach has been validated with both simulation of power dissipation and measurements of power dissipation on FPGA hardware. A comparison of measured power reductions to values determined via simulation con?rms the accuracy of our simulation approach. 

Our power-aware RAM mapping algorithms have been integrated into a commercial FPGA compiler and tested with 34 large FPGA benchmarks. Through experimentation, we show that, on average, embedded memory dynamic power can be reduced by 26% and overall core dynamic power can be reduced by 6% with a minimal loss (1%) in design performance. In addition, it is shown that the availability of multiple embedded memory block sizes in an FPGA reduces embedded memory dynamic power by an additional 9.6% by giving more choices to the computer-aided design algorithms. 

By Bhagyashree Ashok Gavhane | Prashant Vitthalrao Kathole"Alternative RAM Mapping Algorithm for Embedded Memory Blocks in FPGA"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd7172.pdf 

Direct URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/7172/alternative-ram-mapping-algorithm-for-embedded-memory-blocks-in-fpga/bhagyashree-ashok-gavhane

multidisciplinary journal, submit paper online, indexed journal