Effects of Sub-Grade and Sub-Base Materials Quality on Flexible Pavement A Case Study

Flexible pavements are composed of asphaltic layer, base course sub base materials which laid over a well compacted and strong sub grade foundation soil. Basic engineering properties of Sub grade materials are required for design and Coarse grained soils serves as good for supporting pavements whereas fine grained soils, particularly clayey soils pose problem to pavement. Jimma town is a big trade center and coffee production areas of in Ethiopia but, the current existing condition most parts of the road are deteriorated. 

The objective of this research was to investigate effects of subgrade and sub-base materials quality on flexible pavement. The distress is categorized by level of severity according to Ethiopian Roads Authority ERA standard specification to get 4-stations high deterioration of block crack, 6-stations medium deterioration of Alligator crack and 5-stations low deterioration of edge crack of the studied stretch along Ajip to Gebrel church of 10 km in Jimma town. 

The samples taken randomly from the deteriorated area of the subgrade and sub-base materials of 15 stations and laboratory tests conducted and also the results were discussed, compared with the ERA, AASHTO and ASTM. The tests result NMC OMC indicated that excess water in the subgrade and sub-base materials according to AASHTO D-180 specification, compaction of subgrade and sub-base layers are below the minimum requirement MDD 97 laboratory density of AASHTO, poor strength CBR 1.76gm cc of AASHTO T-193 and ERA specification, sieve analysis for gradation out of the upper and lower limit of AASHTO T-27 for the subgrade and sub-base materials. 

These can be causes of pavement deterioration on flexible pavement. But, the Atterberg's limit test results satisfy the standard specification of ASTM D-4318. From this research recommended that the designer and contractor should be follow the minimum requirement set by standard specification regarding the engineering properties of materials, the side ditch must be constructed so as to prevent infiltration of water to the under lining strata, seal coats shall be applied to prevent infiltration of water through cracked surfaces to subgrade layer of the pavement. 

By Getu Tamiru | Palani Ponnurangam "Effects of Sub-Grade and Sub-Base Materials Quality on Flexible Pavement: A Case Study" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18635.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/transport-engineering/18635/effects-of-sub-grade-and-sub-base-materials-quality-on-flexible-pavement-a-case-study/getu-tamiru

multidisciplinary journal, submit paper online, indexed journal

Issues with Reliability of Fuzzy Logic

Since 1973, fuzzy logic has been rejected by a majority of linguists as a theory for dealing with vagueness in natural language. However, control engineers apply fuzzy vagueness in natural language to control system problems. A real world example of automatic fan control has shown that i fuzzy logic can be applied ii probability theory can better model the control system iii Boolean algebra with decision processes can also be applied. In addition, a redundancy issue for fuzzy logic has been raised. Moreover, a number of inherent flaws of fuzzy logic from an engineering viewpoint have been identified i fuzzy logic as probability ii fuzzy conjunction iii fuzzy disjunction iv fuzzy inference engine v fuzzy membership function. 

Fuzzy logic has been found to be an approximate model of probability, however, when viewed as probability fuzzy logical operations of OR and AND provide incorrect responses. Fuzzy inference will also fail when fuzzy logical operations are applied. Some theorists have attempted to fix the flaws of fuzzy logic in a system termed "žCompensatory Fuzzy Logic , but the rules of CFL are ad hoc. As a result of the reliability and robustness concerns in fuzzy systems, safety may be compromised. 

By Graeme Heald "Issues with Reliability of Fuzzy Logic" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18573.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/18573/issues-with-reliability-of-fuzzy-logic/graeme-heald

research publication, ugc approved journals for engineering, special issue publication

A Review on Rain Fade and Signal Attenuation by Rain in Ku and Ka Band Satellite Communication at MGC Campus Punjab India

Rain attenuation is a major challenge to microwave satellite communication especially at frequencies above 10 GHz, causing unavailability of signals most of the time. Rain attenuation predictions have become one of the vital considerations while setting up a satellite communication link. Performance of the wireless communication system depends on the transmission path between source and destination transmitter and receiver which is extremely random, vary significantly over different frequency band. because of the heavy rainfall, snowfall, and other climatic condition most of the time wireless communication links are out of service and hence the performance of transmission of micro-wave signal from source to destination attenuate a lot, our primary concern is here outage due to rain. Attenuation because of rainfall play a significant role in design of terrestrial and Earth-satellite radio link specially at frequencies above 10 GHz. Therefore to design a link channel our major concern is to evaluate attenuation due to rainfall. 

By Er. Sukhjinder Singh | Er. Iqbal Singh | Er. Jasraj Singh "A Review on Rain Fade and Signal Attenuation by Rain in Ku and Ka Band Satellite Communication at MGC Campus Punjab India" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18727.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/18727/a-review-on-rain-fade-and-signal-attenuation-by-rain-in-ku-and-ka-band-satellite-communication-at-mgc-campus-punjab-india/er-sukhjinder-singh

paper publication for student, paper publication for engineering, conference issue publication

Automatic Railway Gate Control System Using Android

The project is designed to control over the railway level crossing gate using Android mobile phone by the gate keeper. Opening and closing of railway level crossing gate involves manpower, which could be often causes incorrect leading to accidents. This system prevents the need of any human involvement at the railway level crossing. This system involves opening and closing of the level crossing gate by using an Android app. This Remote operation is achieved by any smart-phone Tablet etc., with Android OS, upon a Graphical User Interface based touch screen operation. A Bluetooth device is interfaced with the system. 

When the gate keeper sent command to close from the Android application device when the train is approaching at the level crossing to the Bluetooth device which while supply to the microcontroller, sends an output signal which activates a mechanism to switch on the motor to close the gate. To open the gate, another command needs to be sent for the microcontroller to open the gate using motor driver integrated circuit. 

In this project we use a micro controller of 8051 families, and the input to its Bluetooth device which takes command from the user Android application. The output to microcontroller is given to a motor by using a motor driver integrated circuit for some required operation. The status, whether the gate is open or close is displayed on an LCD liquefied crystal display interfaced to the microcontroller.

By Miss. Snehal Patil | Miss. Komal Jadhav | Miss. Rutuja Chinchawde | Miss. Aditi Patil | Mr. Sagar V. Chavan "Automatic Railway Gate Control System Using Android"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18741.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/18741/automatic-railway-gate-control-system-using-android/miss-snehal-patil

peer reviewed journal, manuscript submission, call for paper engineering

Some Studies on Protection for the Hidden Attribute Based Signatures without Anonymity Revocation

The purpose of this paper is to study of access control scheme to protect users privacy in cloud environment is of great significance. In this paper, we present an access control system with privilege separation based on privacy protection. In the PS-ACS scheme, we divide the users into personal domain and public domain logically. In the PSD, we set read and write access permissions for users respectively. The Key-Aggregate Encryption is exploited to implement the read access permission which improves the access efficiency. A high degree of patient privacy is guaranteed simultaneously by exploiting an Improved Attribute-based Signature which can determine the users' write access. For the users of PUD, a hierarchical attribute-based encryption is applied to avoid the issues of single point of failure and complicated key distribution. Function and performance testing result shows that the PS-ACS scheme can achieve privacy protection in cloud based services.

By S. Mahathi | M. Ravindar "Some Studies on Protection for the Hidden Attribute Based Signatures without Anonymity Revocation" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18575.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/18575/some-studies-on-protection-for-the-hidden-attribute-based-signatures-without-anonymity-revocation/s-mahathi

international peer reviewed journal, paper publication for engineering, conference issue publication

Aluminium Alloy Scraps as Useful Raw Material in Component Manufacturing and the Attendant ILL Effects

Scraps are produced over a period of time due to errors such as mismatch porosity, poor finishing and out of tolerance. More scraps are prone to be produced from one particular metal and alloy more than some others. This paper looks at the importance of scraps especially aluminum alloy scraps and compares it with the chemical composition of finished aluminum products. It also examines the composition of imported component aluminum alloys and chemical composition of aluminum alloys recovered from scraps. The result of chemical composition of both using atomic spectrometer showed very close similarity in properties and ill-effects with aluminum.

By P. A. Ukachi | K. E. Ojaomo "Aluminium Alloy Scraps as Useful Raw Material in Component Manufacturing and the Attendant ILL Effects" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18472.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/18472/aluminium-alloy-scraps-as-useful-raw-material-in-component-manufacturing-and-the-attendant-ill-effects/p-a-ukachi

international peer reviewed journal, paper publication for engineering, conference issue publication

In Search for the Super Element Algorithms to Generate Higher Order Elements

This work was motivated by the need that may arise during the creation of finite element programs, for higher order elements. The problem of selecting or creating shape functions that satisfy the required need of the problem may be one major problem that stand in the way of the element creation. In this work we present an attempt that points in the direction of creating the element matrices for higher order elements using simple, Lagrange, and modified Lagrange polynomials. The results obtained for the test cases indicate the possibilities and limitations on those attempts. It is concluded that the modifies Lagrange polynomials have a great potential for use in elements with high number of nodes and or high number of DOF per node. Nevertheless, they impose a high computational cost on the element matrices generation. 

By Mohammad Tawfik "In Search for the Super Element: Algorithms to Generate Higher Order Elements"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18565.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/engineering-maths/18565/in-search-for-the-super-element-algorithms-to-generate-higher-order-elements/mohammad-tawfik

research publication, ugc approved journals for engineering, special issue publication